The overlooked short- and ultrashort-chain poly- and perfluorinated substances: A review

Ateia, Mohamed; Maroli, Amith S.; Tharayil, Nishanth; Karanfil, Tanju

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.186

Cited by 379 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 220 publications

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“…Ultrashort-chain PFASs, as named, were not addressed in the present study. However, a recent review pointed out that such PFASs pass through conventional wastewater treatment processes and were found in aqueous environment including rivers 48 .…”

Section: Trophic Transfer Of Pre-pfaasunknownmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomagnification of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in the food web of an urban river: assessment of the trophic transfer of targeted and unknown precursors and implications

Simonnet-Laprade

Budzinski

Maciejewski

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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Section: Trophic Transfer Of Pre-pfaasunknownmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomagnification of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in the food web of an urban river: assessment of the trophic transfer of targeted and unknown precursors and implications

Simonnet-Laprade

Budzinski

Maciejewski

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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“…Following recent regulations and restrictions on the use of long-chain PFAS (C8-C14), manufacturers shifted to short-chain alternatives (C4-C7) (Hu et al, 2016). Shortchain PFAS, such as perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBS), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), and perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), have also been detected frequently in source waters (Appleman et al, 2014;Ateia, Maroli, Tharayil, & Karanfil, 2019;Hu et al, 2016;Oyetade, Varadwaj, Nyamori, Jonnalagadda, & Martincigh, 2018). Appleman and coworkers (Appleman et al, 2014) investigated the occurrence of 23 PFAS in raw and treated waters from 20 utilities in the USA and found PFOS, PFHxA, and PFHxS were the three most commonly occurring PFAS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removing per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances from groundwaters using activated carbon and ion exchange resin packed columns

et al. 2020

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Human exposure to per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water is of growing concern as a result of increasing reports of occurrence and potential regulation. Adsorption of PFAS by granular activated carbon (GAC) or ion exchange (IX) resin is a suitable treatment technique. However, few studies compare PFAS removal in continuous flow GAC or IX adsorption systems using real drinking water sources. In this study, rapid small‐scale column tests (RSSCTs) were used to investigate the effects of PFAS type and chain length on adsorption by GAC and IX resin for six groundwaters used as drinking water supplies. Seven PFAS substances with chain lengths of C4–C9 were detected in the groundwaters with the sum of their concentrations (ΣPFAS) ranging from 156 to 7,044 ng/L. Adsorption capacities (qΣPFAS) were calculated to compare the removal capacity among different sorbents and qΣPFAS values ranged from 10.3 to 228 ng PFAS/mg sorbent after about 100,000 bed volumes treated. Coal‐based GACs had higher adsorption capacity compared with coconutshell‐based GAC, which was likely due to higher mesopore and macropore volumes. IX resins performed better than GAC in removing PFAS, but they were not effective in treating short‐chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs). Perfluorosulfonic acids (PFSAs) broke through later than PFCAs with the same chain length. Within PFSA or PFCA classes, shorter‐chain PFAS species always broke through before longer‐chain PFAS. Statistical analysis demonstrated that PFAS with higher hydrophobicity and molecular weight are more amenable to GAC adsorption. Empirical models were developed and predicted PFAS breakthrough. By quantifying PFAS selectivity and removal efficiency, this work provides benchmark data for commercially available treatment technologies and guidance toward specific PFAS classes for which new treatment technologies may be most beneficial.

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“…The authors suggested that the high PFHxA amounts could hereby originate from a fluorochemical plant producing polyvinylidene fluoride. This factory is located over 250 km upstream of our sampling station, but given the persistence of PFAS (Kunacheva et al, 2011;Stahl et al, 2011) and the high mobility of short-chain perfluorocarboxylates (Ateia et al, 2019), it could still be a possible explanation for the high PFHxA concentrations measured in this study. In a Mediterranean wetland area, up to 18.7 ng L −1 of PFHxA have been detected (Lorenzo et al, 2019).…”

Section: Relative Abundances Of Individual Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances in the Bay of Marseille (NW Mediterranean Sea) and the Rhône River

Schmidt

Fauvelle

Castro-Jiménez

et al. 2019

Marine Pollution Bulletin

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Four perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were analyzed in 62 duplicate surface water samples from the Rhône River and Marseille Bay (France; NW Mediterranean Sea). Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was detected in all samples and exceeded the European Environmental Quality Standard (EQS) values in over 80% of the cases. The most contaminated samples were from the Rhône River (up to 200 ng L-1 ∑ 4 PFAS), as well as those collected near a wastewater treatment plant outlet in Marseille Bay (up to 9 ng L −1 ∑ 4 PFAS). While PFOS was the predominant PFAS in Marseille Bay, remarkably high concentrations of perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) were measured in the Rhône River (8-193 ng L −1). The relative abundances of individual compounds differed thus significantly between the Rhône River and Marseille Bay, indicating different sources. A simulation made with the MARS3D model showed that PFOS inputs from the Rhône River can enter Marseille Bay at levels > EQS.

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The overlooked short- and ultrashort-chain poly- and perfluorinated substances: A review

Cited by 379 publications

References 220 publications

Biomagnification of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in the food web of an urban river: assessment of the trophic transfer of targeted and unknown precursors and implications

Biomagnification of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in the food web of an urban river: assessment of the trophic transfer of targeted and unknown precursors and implications

Removing per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances from groundwaters using activated carbon and ion exchange resin packed columns

Occurrence of perfluoroalkyl substances in the Bay of Marseille (NW Mediterranean Sea) and the Rhône River

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