The ox atrioventricular conduction axis compared to human in relation to the original investigation of sunao tawara

Almeida, Marcos Célio de; Sánchez‐Quintana, Damian; Davis, Nelson; Charles, Friedwilde R.; Chikweto, Alfred; Sylvester, Wayne; Loukas, Marios; Anderson, Robert H.

doi:10.1002/ca.23524

Cited by 11 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Few previous reports have described the morphometry of HB, and in most of them it has been indicated that this bundle is longer in dogs (1-1.5 mm) than in humans (0.25-0.75 mm) because the central brous body is more extensive in canines (Tawara 1906;Tawara 2000;Ho et al 1995;De Almeida et al 2020]. However, in other studies, in humans, morphometric values of HB have been reported higher than described by most of the authors and what was found in our study (1.06 x 0.23 mm), where measurements of 2.68 x 3.7 mm (Cabrera et al 2020), 11.3 x 1.8 mm (Kistin 1949) and HB width of 1-1.5 mm (Shimada and Arita 1996) are indicated, despite which based on the initial descriptions of Tawara (1906) (Kawashima and Sasaki 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric analysis of the His bundle (atrioventricular fascicle) in humans and other animal species, associated with electrophysiological variables. Histological and immunohistochemical study

Gómez-Torres

Saurı́

2021

Preprint

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His bundle is a part of the specialized electrical conduction system that, in the normal or anormal hearts, provides connection between the atrial and ventricular myocardial compartments. The aim of this study was to perform a morphometric analysis of the characteristics of His bundle and its association with predetermined electrophysiological variables in humans, dogs, horses, and pigs. We used five hearts of the species studied. Histological sections of 5 µm thickness were obtained and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome. We also used the desmin and PAS method for precise identification of cells. His bundle was longer in horses (2.85 x 0.82 mm) and pigs (1.77 x 0.44 mm) than in dogs (1.53 x 0.26 mm) and humans, which was the shortest (1.06 x 0.23 mm). In His bundle cells, the area and diameters were significantly larger in pigs and horses than in humans (p < 0.001) and dogs (p < 0.001). We have found two patterns of organization of the components of His bundle: Group I, with large cells and a high amount of collagen fibers in ungulates (pigs and horses); group II, with smaller cells and less amount of collagen fibers in humans and dogs. Documenting differences in cell size in His bundle allows us to obtain an additional, alternative identification criterion to commonly used ones such as anatomical location. Morphological characteristics of His bundle and its cells in the different species studied coincide with rapid or slow transmission of the electrical impulse when compared with the predetermined electrophysiological variables.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric analysis of the His bundle (atrioventricular fascicle) in humans and other animal species, associated with electrophysiological variables. Histological and immunohistochemical study

Gómez-Torres

Saurı́

2021

Preprint

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“…Thus, the bovine axis takes its course due to the location of the apex of inferior pyramidal space, the substitution of the membranous septum as seen in the human heart by the main cardiac bone, and the presence of myocardial support of the non-coronary aortic valvar sinus. The availability of the methodology has permitted us to extend previous observations, including our own (Cardwell and Abramson 1931;De Almeida et al 2015, 2020bDeWitt 1909;James 1965;Kawashima and Sasaki 2011;Tawara 1906). We envisage that the methodologies used in our study will further enhance future comparative anatomical research.…”

Section: Intramyocardial Networkmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Note the distance from the apex of the inferior pyramidal space to the left ventricular outflow tract, with the main cardiac bone interposing between them [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] his initial stellar investigation, Tawara (1906) had shown that, in the human heart, the atrioventricular node was positioned slightly apically relative to the nadir of non-coronary aortic valvar sinus. He also showed that, when seen from the left side, the bovine node was also positioned at the level of the nadir of noncoronary sinus, albeit slightly more basally and inferiorly (Figures 5 and 6) (De Almeida et al, 2020b).…”

Section: F I G U R Ementioning

confidence: 93%

“…In that earlier investigation, however, the relationships of the conduction axis to the supporting and surrounding structures within the ventricular base remained unexplored. In a more recent study of the bovine heart based on histological sectioning (De Almeida et al, 2020b), we were able to investigate these relationships, but challenges remained in achieving unequivocal topographic demonstrations. Now, based on the topographic anatomical knowledge accumulated from these previous studies and others (Mori et al, 2015a(Mori et al, , 2015bSánchez-Quintana et al, 2001), and by high-quality volume rendering reconstruction techniques (Mori et al, 2015a;Tretter et al, 2020), we have achieved our goal of visualizing the three-dimensional anatomy of the ventricular components of the bovine atrioventricular conduction axis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now, based on the topographic anatomical knowledge accumulated from these previous studies and others (Mori et al, 2015a(Mori et al, , 2015bSánchez-Quintana et al, 2001), and by high-quality volume rendering reconstruction techniques (Mori et al, 2015a;Tretter et al, 2020), we have achieved our goal of visualizing the three-dimensional anatomy of the ventricular components of the bovine atrioventricular conduction axis. This now permits us better to explain the fundamental differences in the human and bovine arrangements (De Almeida et al, 2020b;Kawashima & Sasaki, 2011;Tawara, 1906).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three‐dimensional visualization of the bovine cardiac conduction system and surrounding structures compared to the arrangements in the human heart

Almeida¹,

Mori

Anderson

2021

Journal of Anatomy

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In the human heart, the atrioventricular node is located toward the apex of the triangle of Koch, which is also at the apex of the inferior pyramidal space. It is adjacent to the atrioventricular portion of the membranous septum, through which it penetrates to become the atrioventricular bundle. Subsequent to its penetration, the conduction axis is located on the crest of the ventricular septum, sandwiched between the muscular septum and ventricular component of the membranous septum, where it gives rise to the ramifications of the left bundle branch. In contrast, the bovine conduction axis has a long non-branching component, which penetrates into a thick muscular atrioventricular septum having skirted the main cardiac bone and the rightward half of the non-coronary sinus of the aortic root. It commonly gives rise to both right and left bundle branches within the muscular ventricular septum. Unlike the situation in man, the left bundle branch is long and thin before it branches into its fascicles.These differences from the human heart, however, have yet to be shown in threedimensions relative to the surrounding structures. We have now achieved this goal by injecting contrast material into the insulating sheaths that surround the conduction network, evaluating the results by subsequent computed tomography. The fibrous atrioventricular membranous septum of the human heart is replaced in the ox by the main cardiac bone and the muscular atrioventricular septum. The apex of the inferior pyramidal space, which in the bovine, as in the human, is related to the atrioventricular node, is placed inferiorly relative to the left ventricular outflow tract. The bovine atrioventricular conduction axis, therefore, originates from a node itself located inferiorly compared to the human arrangement. The axis must then skirt the non-coronary sinus of the aortic root prior to penetrating the thicker muscular ventricular septum, thus accounting for its long non-branching course. We envisage that our findings will further enhance comparative anatomical research.

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Morphometric analysis of the His bundle (atrioventricular fascicle) in humans and other animal species. Histological and immunohistochemical study

Gómez-Torres

Ruiz‐Saurí

2021

Vet Res Commun

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His bundle is a part of the specialized electrical conduction system that, in the normal or anormal hearts, provides connection between the atrial and ventricular myocardial compartments. The aim of this study was to perform a morphometric analysis of the characteristics of His bundle and its association with predetermined electrophysiological variables in humans, dogs, horses, and pigs. We used ve hearts of the species studied. Histological sections of 5 µm thickness were obtained and stained with hematoxylineosin and Masson's trichrome. We also used the desmin and PAS method for precise identi cation of cells. His bundle was longer in horses (2.85 x 0.82 mm) and pigs (1.77 x 0.44 mm) than in dogs (1.53 x 0.26 mm) and humans, which was the shortest (1.06 x 0.23 mm). In His bundle cells, the area and diameters were signi cantly larger in pigs and horses than in humans (p < 0.001) and dogs (p < 0.001). We have found two patterns of organization of the components of His bundle: Group I, with large cells and a high amount of collagen bers in ungulates (pigs and horses); group II, with smaller cells and less amount of collagen bers in humans and dogs. Documenting differences in cell size in His bundle allows us to obtain an additional, alternative identi cation criterion to commonly used ones such as anatomical location. Morphological characteristics of His bundle and its cells in the different species studied coincide with rapid or slow transmission of the electrical impulse when compared with the predetermined electrophysiological variables.

show abstract

The ox atrioventricular conduction axis compared to human in relation to the original investigation of sunao tawara

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Morphometric analysis of the His bundle (atrioventricular fascicle) in humans and other animal species, associated with electrophysiological variables. Histological and immunohistochemical study

Morphometric analysis of the His bundle (atrioventricular fascicle) in humans and other animal species, associated with electrophysiological variables. Histological and immunohistochemical study

Three‐dimensional visualization of the bovine cardiac conduction system and surrounding structures compared to the arrangements in the human heart

Morphometric analysis of the His bundle (atrioventricular fascicle) in humans and other animal species. Histological and immunohistochemical study

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