The oxidant stress of hyperhomocyst(e)inemia.

Loscalzo, Joseph

doi:10.1172/jci118776

Cited by 680 publications

(456 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A possible explanation for this observation is that folate possesses antiinflammatory action by suppressing superoxide generation and enhancing nitric oxide production (Das, 2003). Several investigators have noted that folate and folic acid suppress superoxide production, and prolong a half-life of nitric oxide (Loscalzo, 1996;Das, 2001;Rossi et al, 2004). Verhaar et al (1998) demonstrated that folic acid restored and attenuated endothelial dysfunction, and endothelial dysfunction has been postulated to be part of an exaggerated maternal inflammatory response in pregnancy (Redman et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of maternal folate nutrition and serum C-reactive protein concentrations with gestational age at delivery

Kim

Hwang

et al. 2010

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Background/objectives: C-reactive protein (CRP) is the most extensively studied inflammatory risk marker, and elevated serum CRP concentrations in pregnant women are known to be associated with subsequent development of preeclampsia and preterm delivery. Researchers have suggested that folate intake may help to control the inflammation process. We examined whether folate nutrition modifies the relationship between serum CRP concentration and gestational age at delivery. Subjects/methods: Serum CRP concentrations were analyzed in 815 pregnant women between 12 and 28 weeks of gestation. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. The serum folate and high-sensitivity CRP concentrations were analyzed by radioassay and latex agglutination tests, respectively. Results: Serum CRP concentration was negatively correlated (Po0.001) with gestational age at delivery. Serum folate concentration was negatively correlated (Po0.01) with serum CRP concentration, and total dietary folate intake was positively correlated (Po0.001) with serum folate concentration. Multiple regression analysis after adjustment for covariates revealed that maternal CRP concentrations were negatively associated with gestational age at delivery; these negative associations existed only when folate intake during pregnancy was below the Korean estimated average requirements (520 mg dietary folate equivalent per day), and serum folate concentrations were above the normal (6 ng/ml). Conclusions: We found that adequate maternal folate intake during pregnancy may have a beneficial role against shorter gestational age at delivery, which is associated with higher serum CRP concentrations in pregnant women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of maternal folate nutrition and serum C-reactive protein concentrations with gestational age at delivery

Kim

Hwang

et al. 2010

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…J. Parasitol., 10 (4): 151-159, 2015 stress through autoxidation of Hcy yielding hydrogen peroxide (Loscalzo, 1996). Thus, the elevation of Hcy in parasitized cattle in our study can also corroborate the results of preceding studies that implicate the role of oxidative stress on damaging erythrocytes and the anemia Razavi et al, 2011), as well as emphasize the probable formation of endothelial injuries and coagulation disorders (like disseminated intravascular coagulation) due to occurred hyperhomocysteinemia, which, in turn, could help the appearance of anemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Theileriosis: Effects on the Status of Thyroid Hormones, Homocystein, Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins

Razavi¹,

Moghaddas²,

Rakhshande³

et al. 2015

Research J. of Parasitology

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Tropical theileriosis of cattle is a common tick-borne disease in tropical and subtropical regions and is recognized as a disease of major economic importance. This study aimed to determine whether Theileria annulata infection influences the plasma homocystein (Hcy), thyroid activity and serum lipid status in infected cattle. Fifty crossbred Holstein cattle, naturally infected with Theileria annulata were selected and divided into 3 subgroups according to their parasitemia rates (<2, 2-4, 4-8%). Also, 10 non-infected cattle were assigned as controls. Blood samples were collected and hematological parameters, plasma Homocystein (Hcy), thyroid hormones (T 3 , T 4 , free T3 (fT 3 ) and free T 4 (fT 4 )) and the concentrations of serum lipid and lipoproteins (cholesterol, triglyceride and lipoproteins including HDL, LDL and VLDL cholesterol) and phosphatidylserine (PS) on erythrocytes were measured. According to the results, significant elevations were observed in the concentration of plasma Hcy (hyperhomocysteinemia) in the infected groups compared to controls. In addition, we conclude that T. annulata can interfere with the lipid metabolism, which is particularly characterized by substantial decreases in the levels of cholesterol, LDL and HDL in the serum of affected animals. In spite of remarkable influences of the parasite on Hcy and lipid contents of the serum, our study proved that tropical theileriosis did not affect the thyroid hormones during parasitemia. This study demonstrates that the infection of cattle with Theileria annulata is mainly characterized by the anemia. Also, evidenced elevation in the level of homocystein (hyperhomocysteinemia) in parasitized cattle can result in oxidative stress on erythrocytes and the probable endothelial injuries. In addition, T. annulata can induce failure in lipid metabolism which is particularly featured by a decrease in the cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentrations; however the parasite cannot implement significant influences on the thyroid hormones in the affected cattle.

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“…Endothelial dysfunction, including decreased endothelial cell-dependent vasorelaxation, is increasingly proposed to be triggered by free radicals generated during auto-oxidation of homocysteine (Loscalzo, 1996). According to the work of , homocysteine auto-oxidation might prevent thiol nitrosation that, under normal physiologic conditions, sustains the antiplatelet and vasorelaxing activities of NO by increasing the stability of NO (Simon et al, 1993;Stamler et al, 1989).…”

Section: Hyperhomocysteinemia-mediated Oxidant Stress Through Imbalanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Homocysteine Metabolism and Atherothrombotic Disease

Durand

Prost²,

Loreau

et al. 2001

Laboratory Investigation

232

147

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SUMMARY:Based on recent retrospective, prospective, and experimental studies, mild to moderate elevation of fasting or postmethionine-load plasma homocysteine is accepted as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and thrombosis in both men and women. Hyperhomocysteinemia results from an inhibition of the remethylation pathway or from an inhibition or a saturation of the transsulfuration pathway of homocysteine metabolism. The involvement of a high dietary intake of methionine-rich animal proteins has not yet been investigated and cannot be ruled out. However, folate deficiency, either associated or not associated with the thermolabile mutation of the N 5,10 -methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, and vitamin B 6 deficiency, perhaps associated with cystathionine ␤-synthase defects or with methionine excess, are believed to be major determinants of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease related to hyperhomocysteinemia. Recent experimental studies have suggested that moderately elevated homocysteine levels are a causal risk factor for atherothrombotic disease because they affect both the vascular wall structure and the blood coagulation system. The oxidant stress that results from impaired homocysteine metabolism, which modifies the intracellular redox status, might play a central role in the molecular mechanisms underlying moderate hyperhomocysteinemia-mediated vascular disorders. Because folate supplementation can efficiently reduce plasma homocysteine levels, both in the fasting state and after methionine loading, results from further prospective cohort studies and from on-going interventional trials will determine whether homocysteine-lowering therapies can contribute to the prevention and reduction of cardiovascular risk. Additionally, these studies will provide unequivocal arguments for the independent and causal relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and atherothrombotic disease. (Lab Invest 2001, 81:645-672).C ardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of mortality in Western populations. Hyperlipoproteinemia, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and tobacco smoking are the main risk factors for atherosclerosis and its thrombotic complications. However, these factors alone cannot account for all of the deaths caused by vascular pathologies.As early as 1969, clinical studies conducted in homocystinuric children revealed the importance of severe hyperhomocysteinemia in premature development of atherosclerosis and thromboembolism (McCully, 1983). According to numerous retrospective case-controlled studies, moderate increases in plasma homocysteine, which can be precisely quantitated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), raise the risk for cardiovascular disease 2-fold, after adjusting for classic risk factors. Moreover, up to 20% to 40% of patients with vascular pathologies present moderate to intermediate hyperhomocysteinemia. However, results from prospective studies are inconsistent. Additionally, molecular mechanisms underlying hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular diseas...

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The oxidant stress of hyperhomocyst(e)inemia.

Cited by 680 publications

References 20 publications

Association of maternal folate nutrition and serum C-reactive protein concentrations with gestational age at delivery

Association of maternal folate nutrition and serum C-reactive protein concentrations with gestational age at delivery

Bovine Theileriosis: Effects on the Status of Thyroid Hormones, Homocystein, Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins

Impaired Homocysteine Metabolism and Atherothrombotic Disease

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