The Oxyopidae (lynx spiders) of New Zealand

Vink, Cornelis; Sirvid, Phil J.

doi:10.1080/00779962.1998.9722034

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For several species, we were unable to acquire adults of both sexes (Table 1). In these instances, we ascertained the reproductive morphology of the missing sex (if described) by examining line drawings presented in either original descriptions or taxonomic revisions, such as those by Lessert (1915, 1927, 1946), Mello Leitao (1929, Sherriffs (1951Sherriffs ( , 1955, Brady (1964Brady ( , 1970Brady ( , 1975, Grimshaw (1989), Van Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman (1994), and Vink & Sirvid (1998). In addition to the taxa listed in Table 1, we also borrowed the holotypes of 2 additional species, Hamataliwa tuberculatum (Chamberlin, 1925) from the MCZ, and Tapponia insulana (Thorell, 1891) from the ZMUC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, this family consists of eight genera and c. 420 species (Simon, 1898;Mello Leitao, 1929;Roewer, 1954;Brady, 1964Brady, , 1970Brady, , 1975Brignoli & Merrett, 1983;Van Niekerk & Dippenaar-Schoeman, 1994;Barrion & Litsinger, 1995;Vink & Sirvid, 1998): Hamataliwa (54 species), Hostus (one species), Oxyopes (290 species), Peucetia (54 species), Pseudohostus (one species), Schaenicoscelis (seven species), Tapinillus (four species), and Tapponia (13 species). Phylogenetic relationships of lynx spiders are poorly known.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic significance of the morphology of the cuticular scales of the lynx spiders (Araneae: Oxyopidae)

Townsend

Felgenhauer

2001

Journal of Zoology

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In spiders, cuticular scales are¯attened, hollow setae that occur in a variety of shapes and colours. Using transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, we examine and provide descriptions of the external and internal anatomy of prosomal and opisthosomal scales of 70 species of lynx spiders (Araneae, Oxyopidae), representing the genera Hamataliwa, Hostus, Oxyopes, Peucetia, Schaenicoscelis, Tapinillus, and Tapponia. The cuticular scales of these taxa exhibit regional (with respect to location on the body), sexual, inter-and intrageneric variation in external and internal morphology. In the genera, Peucetia, Schaenicoscelis, and Tapinillus, cuticular scales are plumose and only occur on the prosoma. Species of the genera Hamataliwa and Tapponia, have lanceolate scales that occur on the prosoma, legs, and opisthosoma. Hostus has spatulate scales in these areas. In the genus Oxyopes, most species have lanceolate scales on the prosoma and spatulate scales on the legs and opisthosoma. Examinations of the genitalia of 82 species of lynx spiders, revealed a strong correlation between genitalic morphology and scale shape and distribution.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic significance of the morphology of the cuticular scales of the lynx spiders (Araneae: Oxyopidae)

Townsend

Felgenhauer

2001

Journal of Zoology

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“…Spiders are able to mimic inanimate objects (masquerading mimicry), unpalatable or undesirable food in the eyes of their predators (Batesian mimicry), some of the habitat features in which they dwell (crypsis) or even specific pheromones produced by their prey (see “ Most creative hunting strategies ”). Examples of astonishing mimicries are found in spiders resembling bird dropping [e.g., Cyclosa ginnaga Yaginuma (Araenidae) (see, e.g., Liu et al, 2014 )], ants [e.g., numerous species of Salticids and Thomisids ( Cushing, 2012 )], toads [e.g., Poecilopachys australasia (Griffith & Pidgeon) (Araneidae) ( Vink, 2015 )], seeds and fallen flowers [e.g., Arachnura spp. (Araneidae)] and leaves [e.g., Poltys sp.…”

Section: Spider World Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Record breaking achievements by spiders and the scientists who study them

Mammola

Michalik

Hebets

et al. 2017

PeerJ

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Organismal biology has been steadily losing fashion in both formal education and scientific research. Simultaneous with this is an observable decrease in the connection between humans, their environment, and the organisms with which they share the planet. Nonetheless, we propose that organismal biology can facilitate scientific observation, discovery, research, and engagement, especially when the organisms of focus are ubiquitous and charismatic animals such as spiders. Despite being often feared, spiders are mysterious and intriguing, offering a useful foundation for the effective teaching and learning of scientific concepts and processes. In order to provide an entryway for teachers and students—as well as scientists themselves—into the biology of spiders, we compiled a list of 99 record breaking achievements by spiders (the “Spider World Records”). We chose a world-record style format, as this is known to be an effective way to intrigue readers of all ages. We highlighted, for example, the largest and smallest spiders, the largest prey eaten, the fastest runners, the highest fliers, the species with the longest sperm, the most venomous species, and many more. We hope that our compilation will inspire science educators to embrace the biology of spiders as a resource that engages students in science learning. By making these achievements accessible to non-arachnologists and arachnologists alike, we suggest that they could be used: (i) by educators to draw in students for science education, (ii) to highlight gaps in current organismal knowledge, and (iii) to suggest novel avenues for future research efforts. Our contribution is not meant to be comprehensive, but aims to raise public awareness on spiders, while also providing an initial database of their record breaking achievements.

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“…Identification was usually to family or species, and the names followed Forster (1970), Forster & Wilton (1973), Forster & Blest (1979), Millidge (1984), Forster et al (1988), Saaristo & Tanasevitch (1996), Vink &Sirvid (1998), andForster (1999). Some species could not be named because of limitations of the current taxonomic literature, or because of the absence of adult specimens.…”

Section: Sampling Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and species richness of field‐margin and pasture spiders (Araneae) in Canterbury, New Zealand

McLachlan

Wratten

2003

New Zealand Journal of Zoology

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The density and species composition of ground-dwelling spiders were assessed using suction sampling from August 1994 to July 1995 at various distances from a field edge into a single grazed pasture, and from March 1996 to March 1997 in the same and three additional grazed pastures and adjacent fenced shelterbelts on the Canterbury Plains, New Zealand. Spider density declined rapidly with distance from the shelterbelt (mean 241 m -2 ) into the pasture (means 72.5 m -2 at 2.5 m, and 10.3 m -2 at 5 m). Mean spider densities in the four pastures were 53.0 m -2 while in the shelterbelts they reached 316 m -2 . The fauna in both habitats was dominated by the European linyphiid, Tenuiphantes tenuis (Blackwall). An unidentified theridiid was common only in the shelterbelt, while unidentified immature linyphiids and theridiids were common in both habitats. Of the c. 28 species collected, 25 were found in shelterbelts, and 13 in pasture. Thirteen endemic, one native, and one introduced species were found only in shelterbelts, while from pasture all but two endemic species were also recognised from shelterbelts. There was little evidence that the shelterbelts acted as refuges for spiders which could subsequently disperse to the adjacent paddocks.

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The Oxyopidae (lynx spiders) of New Zealand

Abstract: The spider family Oxyop~~dae is revised for New Zealand. The sole species, Oxyopes gracilipes (White, 1849), occurring nationwide, is redescribed and distribution records are given. It is hypothesised that 0, gracilipes is Australian in origin.

Cited by 12 publications

References 10 publications

Phylogenetic significance of the morphology of the cuticular scales of the lynx spiders (Araneae: Oxyopidae)

Phylogenetic significance of the morphology of the cuticular scales of the lynx spiders (Araneae: Oxyopidae)

Record breaking achievements by spiders and the scientists who study them

Abundance and species richness of field‐margin and pasture spiders (Araneae) in Canterbury, New Zealand

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