The P3 Event-Related Potential as an Index of Motivational Relevance

Franken, Ingmar H.A.; Strien, Jan W. Van; Bocanegra, Bruno R.; Huijding, Jorg

doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000030

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Ideally, the design would more carefully balance image valence across categories. However, this imbalance is not problematic per se, given that late positive components of the ERP, such as the P3, are assumed to be modulated by the motivational significance of the stimulus, not by its valence (Begleiter et al., ; Franken et al., ; Weinberg and Hajcak, ; Weinberg et al., ). Indeed, ancillary analyses of the current data indicated that although positive images elicited a larger P3 overall than negative images, this effect did not vary systematically across picture categories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Individual differences in ACR were quantified using the amplitude of the P3 (or P300) component of the event‐related potential (ERP). The P3 is elicited by any attended stimulus (see Polich, ), and its amplitude provides a neurophysiological marker of the motivational significance of that stimulus (e.g., Begleiter et al., ; Franken et al., ; Nieuwenhuis et al., ). Its etiologic relevance for AUD has been demonstrated by research showing that P3 amplitude elicited by alcohol cues (ACR‐P3) is a robust predictor of alcohol use and heavy drinking (e.g., Bartholow et al., ; Little et al., ).…”

Section: Overview Of the Current Study And Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactive Effects of Naturalistic Drinking Context and Alcohol Sensitivity on Neural Alcohol Cue‐Reactivity Responses

Martins

Bartholow

Cooper

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background: Considerable evidence indicates that a low level of subjective response to alcohol's acute effects (i.e., low sensitivity) is associated with enhanced risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Recent work suggests that the highest risk response profile consists of blunted sensitivity to alcohol's sedation-like effects, coupled with enhanced sensitivity to alcohol's stimulation-like effects (i.e., differential sensitivity). A largely separate body of work indicates that enhanced reactivity to alcohol-related cues is associated with increased AUD risk.Aims: The current research examined the extent to which variability in alcohol response phenotypes is associated with enhanced P3 event-related potential (ERP) responses to alcohol-related pictures (ACR-P3), and whether this reactivity varies according to depicted drinking contexts.Methods: Eighty young adults (aged 18 to 33 years) completed a self-report measure of alcohol sensitivity (the Alcohol Sensitivity Questionnaire) and viewed images depicting drinking in naturalistic contexts, alcohol and nonalcohol beverages in isolation (devoid of naturalistic drinking context), and neutral nonbeverage control images while ERPs were recorded.Results: Results indicated that blunted sensitivity to alcohol's sedative-like effects was differentially associated with enhanced ACR-P3 but reduced P3 reactivity to nonalcohol cues. Variation in sensitivity to alcohol's stimulant-like effects was not associated with differential ACR-P3. Contrary to predictions, these effects were not potentiated by drinking contexts.Conclusions: The current results replicate and extend previous work linking low alcohol sensitivity with enhanced incentive salience for alcohol-related cues and suggest that cues depicting drinking contexts are less likely to differentiate high-risk from low-risk drinkers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overview Of the Current Study And Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactive Effects of Naturalistic Drinking Context and Alcohol Sensitivity on Neural Alcohol Cue‐Reactivity Responses

Martins

Bartholow

Cooper

et al. 2019

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…While it might seem surprising that this difference exists among non-smokers, our findings are consistent with ERP (Bloom, Potts, Evans, & Drobes, 2013; McDonough & Warren, 2001), fMRI (Vollstädt-Klein et al, 2011), and reaction time studies (Oliver & Drobes, 2012) that found attentional bias toward CIG compared to neutral images among non-smokers. One reason for this universal bias could be that the cigarette cues were less complex visual stimuli than the neutral stimuli (i.e., all of cigarette pictures contained a cigarette, while the neutral pictures were of varying content), but other work suggests that LPPs to picture stimuli are sensitive to motivational relevance but not stimulus complexity (Bradley, Hamby, Löw, & Lang, 2007; Franken, Van Strien, Bocanegra, & Huijding, 2011). Another reason could be that cigarette stimuli were primed because of experimental demand effects (i.e., participants were all recruited into a study advertised as being smoking-related).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The motivational salience of cigarette-related stimuli among former, never, and current smokers.

Robinson¹,

Versace²,

Engelmann³

et al. 2015

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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While smokers are known to find smoking-related stimuli to be motivationally salient, the extent to which former smokers do so is largely unknown. In this study, we collected event-related potential (ERP) data from former and never smokers and compared them to a sample of current smokers interested in quitting who completed the same ERP paradigm prior to smoking cessation treatment. All participants (n = 180) attended one laboratory session where we recorded dense-array ERPs in response to cigarette-related, pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral pictures, and where we collected valence and arousal ratings of the pictures. We identified three spatial and temporal regions of interest, corresponding to the P1 (120-132 ms), early posterior negativity (EPN; 244-316 ms), and late positive potential (LPP; 384-800 ms) ERP components. We found that all participants produced larger P1 responses to cigarette-related pictures compared to the other picture categories. With the EPN component, we found that, similar to pleasant and unpleasant pictures, cigarette-related pictures attracted early attentional resources, regardless of smoking status. Both former and never smokers produced reduced LPP responses to cigarette-related and pleasant pictures compared to current smokers. Current smokers rated the cigarette-related pictures as being more pleasant and arousing than the former and never smokers. The LPP and picture rating results suggest that former smokers, like never smokers, do not find cigarette-related stimuli to be as motivationally salient as current smokers.

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“…The P3 component is thought to reflect controlled processing and has been shown to correspond to the motivational relevance of emotional stimuli [33]. The greater P3 amplitude for negative words at baseline then likely reflects controlled, sustained attention and elaboration of negative self-referential information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The P2 component reflects automatic monitoring of semantic meaning [26]. In this context, modulation of the P3 has been shown to correspond to the motivational relevance of emotional stimuli [33], and likely reflects controlled processing of the stimuli. The early and late LPP also reflect controlled cognitive processing of the emotional words [26], but the early LPP (< 600 ms) may also be sensitive to changes in the stimulus [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Subcallosal Cingulate Deep Brain Stimulation on Negative Self-bias in Patients With Treatment-resistant Depression

Hilimire¹,

Mayberg²,

Holtzheimer³

et al. 2015

Brain Stimulation

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Background The cognitive neuropsychological model states that antidepressant treatment alters emotional biases early in treatment, and after this initial change in emotional processing, environmental and social interactions allow for long-term/sustained changes in mood and behavior. Objective Changes in negative self-bias after chronic subcallosal cingulate (SCC) deep brain stimulation (DBS) were investigated with the hypothesis that treatment would lead to changes in emotional biases followed by changes in symptom severity. Methods Patients (N = 7) with treatment-resistant depression were assessed at three time points: pre-treatment; after one month stimulation; and after six months stimulation. The P1, P2, P3, and LPP (late positive potential) components of the event-related potential elicited by positive and negative trait adjectives were recorded in both a self-referential task and a general emotion recognition task. Results Results indicate that DBS reduced automatic attentional bias towards negative words early in treatment, as indexed by the P1 component, and controlled processing of negative words later in treatment, as indexed by the P3 component. Reduction in negative words endorsed as self-descriptive after six months DBS was associated with reduced depression severity after six months DBS. Change in emotional processing may be restricted to the self-referential task. Conclusions Together, these results suggest that the cognitive neuropsychological model, developed to explain the time-course of monoamine antidepressant treatment, may also be used as a framework to interpret the antidepressant effects of SCC DBS.

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The P3 Event-Related Potential as an Index of Motivational Relevance

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Interactive Effects of Naturalistic Drinking Context and Alcohol Sensitivity on Neural Alcohol Cue‐Reactivity Responses

Interactive Effects of Naturalistic Drinking Context and Alcohol Sensitivity on Neural Alcohol Cue‐Reactivity Responses

The motivational salience of cigarette-related stimuli among former, never, and current smokers.

Effects of Subcallosal Cingulate Deep Brain Stimulation on Negative Self-bias in Patients With Treatment-resistant Depression

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