The PA profession in the 1990s

Cawley, James F.; Hooker, Roderick S.

doi:10.1097/01.jaa.0000823176.02964.c4

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…When thinking about how commonly cited barriers affected their own work, most participants did not describe being affected the same way other faculty traditionally do. 1,2 Barriers were acknowledged, but participants transcended the obstacle. For example, all participants described time constraints but used effective organizational strategies to prioritize scholarship and make time for what they enjoyed.…”

Section: Discussion Professional Identify Formation Of the Scholarmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the traditional role that faculty play in most academic disciplines in conducting research and performing scholarly work seems not to be a prominent feature of most PA programs. 1,2 It is well established that PA educators do not publish or produce scholarship at the same rate as peer educators in nursing, medicine, or other health professions. 3,4 Research has shown that the vast majority of PA faculty have not produced a scholarly publication in their academic career 3,4 regardless of the number of years as faculty.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we used a qualitative analytical approach to explore educators' individual motivation and their experiences as scholars. Specifically, 2 research questions guided this study: (1) What are the drivers of success for high-performing PA scholars and (2) how do high-performing PA scholars overcome barriers?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PA Scholars: What Drives and Inhibits Success?

Garino,

Cawley,

Kayingo

et al. 2023

J Physician Assist Educ

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Purpose The full expression of an educator includes scholarship, yet many physician assistant (PA) educators are not published. Several barriers unique to PA education are often cited to explain this phenomenon. However, some in the PA profession have become prolific writers despite working in the same environment. In this study, authors strove to understand what motivated these productive faculty by posing 2 research questions: (1) What are the drivers of success for high-performing PA scholars and (2) how do high performing PA scholars overcome barriers? Methods A qualitative study using a constructivist, grounded theory approach explored the experiences and motivation of PA-credentialed educators who published >5 peer-reviewed articles and whose body of work achieved an h-index of >3. Results High-performing scholars valued scholarship as a creative outlet and a rewarding pursuit. Scholars achieved a sense of fulfillment in their work. Research and writing were described as protective against burnout. Participants viewed barriers differently than other educators. Barriers were acknowledged, but participants developed strategies to overcome obstacles. Mentorship was seen as crucial to success. A nuanced understanding of PA research and the characteristics associated with high-performing PA scholars emerged. The study identified developmental stages associated with the formation of a scholar. Conclusion Progression from prescholar to mature scholar has important implications for initiatives designed to increase scholarship and provides evidence to support the claim that scholarship positively affects job satisfaction, personal well-being, and talent retention.

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Section: Discussion Professional Identify Formation Of the Scholarmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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PA Scholars: What Drives and Inhibits Success?

Garino,

Cawley,

Kayingo

et al. 2023

J Physician Assist Educ

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“…This was a grim realization for the young PA profession already struggling with state legislative challenges and acceptance, and resulted in defections from the profession, a decline in applications, and the closure of a number of PA programs. 7 Closures included the PA programs at Johns Hopkins University (1979), Indiana University (1981), and Penn State University (1984). All three of these institutions have reestablished their sponsorship of PA educational programs.…”

Section: The Effect Of Gmenacmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of those who readily accepted the prediction of a physician surplus asked: If we will have too many physicians, why do we need PAs? This was a grim realization for the young PA profession already struggling with state legislative challenges and acceptance, and resulted in defections from the profession, a decline in applications, and the closure of a number of PA programs 7. Closures included the PA programs at Johns Hopkins University (1979), Indiana University (1981), and Penn State University (1984).…”

Section: The Effect Of Gmenacmentioning

confidence: 99%

American health workforce policy and PAs

Cawley

2022

Jaapa

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Health workforce policy in the United States from the mid-1970s has been strongly influenced by perceptions of the adequacy of the physician supply and its relationship to physician assistants/associates (PAs) and NPs. During the 1980s, a series of inaccurate reports by the federal government mistakenly warned of an impending physician surplus and shaped policy decisions for decades. In spite of perceptions of a physician surplus, the PA profession expanded rapidly in the 1990s. Projections of the adequacy of the physician supply changed to a shortage in the first decade of this century and the PA component of the healthcare workforce continued to expand. During the past decade, the Association of American Medical Colleges has employed microsimulation modeling expertise to project the extent of physician shortages, an effort that initially failed to incorporate the contributions of PAs and NPs in the workforce. Although current projection models include the contributions of PAs and NPs, the substitution ratios used are notably low. Specifically, PA and NP productivity effort was set roughly at one-quarter to one-half that of the physician. PAs and NPs make up a substantial contingent within the US healthcare workforce and should be included fully in future workforce projection estimates. This article provides policy recommendations for the advancement of PA contributions to the delivery of medical care.

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The Importance of Diversity in the Physician Assistant/Associate Workforce: Examining the Profession's Growth and Trends in Demographic Composition

Kozikowski,

Bruza-Augatis,

Morton-Rias

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Regulation

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Introduction: Healthcare workforce diversity is essential for increasing access and reducing racial/ethnic health disparities. We examined the growth and trends in physician assistant/associate (PA) workforce demographic composition by initial year of certification. Methods: Drawing on data from the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants, we aggregated gender, age (1975-2020), race/ethnicity, and underrepresented in medicine (URiM) (2000-2020). Descriptive statistics of demographics were calculated by the initial certification year and assessed for trends using the Cochran-Armitage test. Results: Analyses revealed an 11.7% annual growth rate in PAs earning initial certification and a change in gender composition (23.9% to 74.2% female) from 1975 to 2020. Between 2000 and 2020, we observed significant increases (all p<0.001) in the proportions of PAs who self-identify as Asian (5.7 percentage points), Hispanic/Latino(a) (3.5 percentage points), and multiracial (2.4 percentage points). However, there was a decline (all p<0.001) in the proportions of PAs who self-identify as Black/African American (1.2 percentage points), American Indian/Alaska Native (0.1 percentage points), Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (0.1 percentage points), and other race (1.1 percentage points). Trend analyses revealed that the proportion of PAs identifying as URiM decreased over the past 21 years. Conclusion: Ongoing assessment of the PA workforce demographics is essential to track the progress and effectiveness of diversification initiatives.

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The PA profession in the 1990s

Abstract: The causes of events are ever more interesting than the events themselves."-Cicero

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

PA Scholars: What Drives and Inhibits Success?

PA Scholars: What Drives and Inhibits Success?

American health workforce policy and PAs

The Importance of Diversity in the Physician Assistant/Associate Workforce: Examining the Profession's Growth and Trends in Demographic Composition

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