The Palau Early Psychosis Study: Neurocognitive functioning in high-risk adolescents

Myles-Worsley, Marina; Ord, Lisa M.; Ngiralmau, Hilda; Weaver, Starla M.; Blailes, Francisca; Faraone, Stephen V.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2006.08.003

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Studies with psychosis at-risk groups report evidence of both neurocognitive deficits and declines in functioning up to 10 years prior to clinical diagnosis (Bachman et al, 2012;Seidman et al, 2006). Cognitively, this includes reduced processing speed (Carrión et al, 2011;Carrion et al, 2015), impairments in attention (Carrion et al, 2015;Myles-Worsley et al, 2007) and executive function (Carrion et al, 2015). As already noted, some of these deficits were present in our sample.…”

Section: Vocational Functioning Neurocognitive Outcomes and Associatsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…In young people, neurocognitive deficits in sustained attention and executive function including spatial working memory have been observed in depressive disorders (Castaneda et al, 2008;Han et al, 2012;Maalouf et al, 2011), substance abuse issues (Solowij et al, 2012;Tapert and Brown, 1999) and those at risk of psychosis (Myles-Worsley et al, 2007). There is a paucity of evidence investigating the impact of these neurocognitive deficits on employment and educational engagement, and to our knowledge there are no studies assessing neurocognitive impairments in mild or subthreshold disorders in a youth help-seeking population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prediction of vocational participation and global role functioning in help-seeking young adults, from neurocognitive, demographic and clinical variables

Cairns

Kavanagh

Dark

et al. 2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

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Section: Vocational Functioning Neurocognitive Outcomes and Associatsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of vocational participation and global role functioning in help-seeking young adults, from neurocognitive, demographic and clinical variables

Cairns

Kavanagh

Dark

et al. 2017

Journal of Affective Disorders

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In a recent meta-analysis, schizotypal personality disorder or schizotypal symptoms did not have an effect on cognitive functioning of nonaffected first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients (Snitz et al, 2006). Further, in a high-risk adolescent study it was suggested that the effects of genetic risk and clinical status on neurocognitive functions are independent, and that neurocognitive impairments can occur in genetically vulnerable individuals regardless of their clinical status (Myles-Worsley et al, 2007).…”

Section: Association Of Physical and Social Anhedonia With Neuropsychmentioning

confidence: 95%

Associations of Anhedonia and Cognition in Persons With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Their Siblings, and Controls

Kuha

Suvisaari²,

Perälä

et al. 2011

Journal of Nervous &Amp; Mental Disease

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The aim of the current study was to investigate the levels of social and physical anhedonia, as measured with the Chapman Scales for social and physical anhedonia in groups of patients with schizophrenia spectrum psychosis (n = 91), their unaffected siblings (n = 105), and control subjects drawn from a general population (n = 67). The second aim was to explore the effect of physical and social anhedonia on neuropsychological variables. Subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorder had significantly more anhedonia than population controls, but the unaffected siblings did not differ from controls. Subjects with schizophrenia spectrum disorders had generalized cognitive deficits. Unaffected sibling status predicted impairments in executive and performance speed measures. Elevated physical anhedonia associated with deficits in verbal functions, but this was not related to genetic liability to schizophrenia. In conclusion, social and physical anhedonia did not seem to mediate neuropsychological deficits of schizophrenia family members.

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“…For example, pre-schizophrenia individuals show reliable delays in speech acquisition in infancy [4,160], receptive language deficits at ages 3, 5, 7, and 9 [3,138,161], and expressive language, verbal and visual knowledge, and academic achievement impairments at age 7 [3,4,156,160-166, but see 167]. Additionally, child and adolescent relatives of patients with schizophrenia show deficits on various learning and memory tests [167-170] and nearly all studies that directly assessed learning and memory in adolescents and young adults who later developed schizophrenia found that learning/memory was indeed impaired [159,171-178]. …”

Section: Consequences Of Impaired Synaptic Plasticity In Schizophrenimentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Consequences of Impaired Synaptic Plasticity in Schizophrenia through Development: An Integrative Model for Diverse Clinical Features

Forsyth

Lewis

2017

Trends in Cognitive Sciences

122

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Schizophrenia is associated with alterations in sensory, motor, and cognitive functions that emerge prior to psychosis-onset; identifying pathogenic processes that can account for this multi-faceted phenotype remains a challenge. Accumulating evidence suggests that synaptic plasticity is impaired in schizophrenia. Given the role of synaptic plasticity in learning, memory, and neural circuit maturation, impaired plasticity may underlie many features of the schizophrenia syndrome. Here, we summarize the neurobiology of synaptic plasticity, review evidence that plasticity is impaired in schizophrenia, and explore a framework in which impaired synaptic plasticity interacts with brain maturation to yield the emergence of sensory, motor, cognitive, and psychotic features at different times during development in schizophrenia. Key gaps in the literature and future directions for testing this framework are discussed.

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The Palau Early Psychosis Study: Neurocognitive functioning in high-risk adolescents

Cited by 44 publications

References 31 publications

Prediction of vocational participation and global role functioning in help-seeking young adults, from neurocognitive, demographic and clinical variables

Prediction of vocational participation and global role functioning in help-seeking young adults, from neurocognitive, demographic and clinical variables

Associations of Anhedonia and Cognition in Persons With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders, Their Siblings, and Controls

Mapping the Consequences of Impaired Synaptic Plasticity in Schizophrenia through Development: An Integrative Model for Diverse Clinical Features

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