The Paradigm of the Development of the Regulatory and Methodological Framework Aimed to Maintain Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population

Popova, А. Yu.; Gurvich, Vladimir B.; Кузьмин, С В; Орлов, М.С.; Yarushin, Sergey V.; Мишина, А Л

doi:10.18821/0016-9900-2017-96-12-1226-1230

“…A methodological basis for providing chemical safety for the population is research on hygienic standardization that involves fixing such safe concentrations of hazardous substances including those occurring in ambient air that secure absence of unacceptable risks for people's life and health [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Significance Of the Issue In The Russianmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Russian Federation hygienic standards calculated as average daily ones (MPC average daily) are applied to prevent chronic effects produced on human health under exposure to chemicals contained in ambient air. These standards are fixed according to hygienic standardization principles basing on a document entitled «The temporary methodical guidelines for substantiating maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of contaminants in ambient air in settlements» 5 ; they are established as adverse chemicals concentrations in ambient air in settlements that should not exert direct or indirect impacts on people under unlimited long-term inhalation (years).…”

Section: Significance Of the Issue In The Russianmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Available at: http://kremlin.ru/acts/bank/43027 (25.06.2020) (in Russian). 5 The temporary methodical guidelines for substantiating maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of contaminants in ambient air in settlements. Approved by the Deputy to the RF Chief Sanitary Inspector on July 15, 1988 vided for the most sensitive population groups, as well as public well-being protection including that provided for animals, agricultural plants, flora, and buildings [10].…”

Section: Significance Of the Issue In The Russianmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developing methodical approaches to substantiating average annual maximum permissible concentrations of hazardous substances in ambient air in settlements as per acceptable health risk

Zaitseva¹,

Шур²,

Chetverkina³

et al. 2020

Health Risk Analysis

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A methodological basis for providing chemical safety for population is obtained via fixing safe concentrations of hazardous substances, including those in ambient air, as it allows absence of unacceptable risks for people’s life and health. In the Russian Federation average daily maximum permissible concentrations (MPC av.d.) are applied to prevent chronic effects on human health produced by hazardous substances that are present in ambient air. But in world practice it is conventional to apply average annual concentrations when assessing chronic exposure to hazardous substances as it allows applying existing acceptable health risks as assessment criteria. We propose an algorithm for substantiating average annual MPC of chemicals in ambient air as per health risks criteria; the algorithm is harmonized with international approaches and takes into accounts research results taken from previous research works that have been published in relevant scientific sources. The algorithm also involves accomplishing toxicological and/or epidemiologic examinations solely aimed at obtaining missing data. The proposed algorithm envisages selecting starting points for substantiating a hygienic standard and uncertaintyfactors. Proposed methodical approaches have a distinctive feature that is verification of obtained standards as per acceptable (permissible) carcinogenic risk criteria and assessment of safety under exposure equal to MPC av.an. during the whole life span. Development and implementation of average annual maximum permissible concentrations of hazardous substances in ambient air will promote harmonization of the domestic regulatory base with hygienic standards and norms accepted in world practice.

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“…Методологической основой обеспечения химической безопасности населения являются исследования по гигиеническому нормированию с установлением безопасных концентраций вредных веществ, в том числе в атмосферном воздухе, обеспечивающих отсутствие недопустимого риска для жизни и здоровья человека [3][4][5][6].…”

unclassified

“…В Европейском союзе нормирование качества атмосферного воздуха осуществляется путем установления стандартов качества, основанных на предельных величинах или целевых значениях, которые представляют собой уровень, установленный с целью предотвращения или уменьшения вредного воздействия на здоровье человека и / или окружающую среду в целом, который должен быть достигнут там, где это возможно, в течение определенного периода 5 . Целевые показатели являются критерием для оценки степени достижения надлежащего состояния качества объектов окружающей среды [8].…”

unclassified

Developing methodical approaches to substantiating average annual maximum permissible concentrations of hazardous substances in ambient air in settlements as per acceptable health risk

Zaitseva¹,

Shur²,

Chetverkina³

et al. 2020

Health Risk Analysis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A methodological basis for providing chemical safety for population is obtained via fixing safe concentrations of hazardous substances, including those in ambient air, as it allows absence of unacceptable risks for people’s life and health. In the Russian Federation average daily maximum permissible concentrations (MPC av.d.) are applied to prevent chronic effects on human health produced by hazardous substances that are present in ambient air. But in world practice it is conventional to apply average annual concentrations when assessing chronic exposure to hazardous substances as it allows applying existing acceptable health risks as assessment criteria. We propose an algorithm for substantiating average annual MPC of chemicals in ambient air as per health risks criteria; the algorithm is harmonized with international approaches and takes into accounts research results taken from previous research works that have been published in relevant scientific sources. The algorithm also involves accomplishing toxicological and/or epidemiologic examinations solely aimed at obtaining missing data. The proposed algorithm envisages selecting starting points for substantiating a hygienic standard and uncertaintyfactors. Proposed methodical approaches have a distinctive feature that is verification of obtained standards as per acceptable (permissible) carcinogenic risk criteria and assessment of safety under exposure equal to MPC av.an. during the whole life span. Development and implementation of average annual maximum permissible concentrations of hazardous substances in ambient air will promote harmonization of the domestic regulatory base with hygienic standards and norms accepted in world practice.

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Urgency of Hygienic Rating of Pesticides in the Soil

Popova

¹

,

Rakitsky

²

,

Sinitskaya

³

et al. 2018

HAS

2

0

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The requirement concerning the implementation of the research in the extreme soil-climatic conditions promoting the maximum migration in environments contacting to the soil (water, air, plants), and also providing most their intensive impact on processes of self-cleaning and a soil microbiocenosis is one of the basic provisions of the theory of hygienic rating of active ingredients of pesticides in the soil. For the creation of extreme conditions, the experiment is carried out on the sandy soil possessing the maximum filtering, minimal sorbing and absorbing ability. The observance of a principle of extremeness is provided with executing the research at microclimatic parameters (temperature, humidity, ultraviolet radiation), pesticides promoting the maximum migration on contacting media and the use in the experiment of plants concentrators creating a considerable margin of the safety in hygienic rating. All investigations are carried out in the standard and comparable soil and microclimatic conditions with the use of the uniform simulating standard modeling soil standard based on the constant granulometric and physical-chemical structure of the sandy soil and uniform microclimatic parameters. By analogy to a rating of active ingredients of pesticides in water of reservoirs, atmospheric air, etc., studies are carried out not in natural surroundings, but only in uniform comparable with experimental conditions on laboratory modeling installations. On the basis of the established threshold concentration on migratory water, migratory air, translocation and all-sanitary indices of harm there is chosen the limiting one, on which maximum concentration level is established. Established maximum concentration limits of active ingredients of pesticides in the soil are the uniform in size for any soil-climatic conditions. On the established uniform maximum concentration limit of active ingredient of pesticide in the soil if necessary it can be determined the regional maximum concentration limit for conditions of the concrete soil and climatic region. In the calculation of this size, there are considered leading factors: temperature, humidity of the soil, maintenance of a hummus, рН, porosity, bacterial load, etc. The factors characterizing the influence of these factors on processes of migration and a detoxication of active ingredients of pesticides were found on the basis of the research have been carried out on natural samples of the soil of this region.

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The Paradigm of the Development of the Regulatory and Methodological Framework Aimed to Maintain Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population

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Developing methodical approaches to substantiating average annual maximum permissible concentrations of hazardous substances in ambient air in settlements as per acceptable health risk

Developing methodical approaches to substantiating average annual maximum permissible concentrations of hazardous substances in ambient air in settlements as per acceptable health risk

Developing methodical approaches to substantiating average annual maximum permissible concentrations of hazardous substances in ambient air in settlements as per acceptable health risk

Urgency of Hygienic Rating of Pesticides in the Soil

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