“…There is a joint construction of social knowledge based on dialogue between social science and the social world, so that the process should include two-way communication between researchers, policy makers and citizens; examine the contexts in which research is to be implemented; and continue to interpret and recontextualise the research within the implementation context. These models recognise the nature of the research process in maintaining its political impartiality and creativity, whilst acknowledging the messiness (Shulock, 1999) of policy making, with research becoming 'an instrument of the democratic process' (Young et al, 2002: 218) and narrow instrumentalism replaced with more deliberative processes. The question of how research can be democratised in this way, however, remains.…”