The Paradox of Social Organization: Networks, Collective Efficacy, and Violent Crime in Urban Neighborhoods

Browning, Christopher R.; Feinberg, Seth; Dietz, Robert D.

doi:10.1353/sof.2005.0006

Cited by 419 publications

(293 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Residents consequently experience less bonding (Brisson and Usher, 2005), have less trust (Ross et al, 2001;Li et al, 2005) and associate less (Portes, 1998;Browning et al, 2004;Halpern, 2005;Putnam, 2007). Crime, too, may be a hindrance for social cohesion (Rosenfeld et al, 1999), because people are less likely to trust others when they themselves or acquaintances have been the victim of crime.…”

Section: Deprived Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of neighbourhood and municipality characteristics on social cohesion in the Netherlands

2009

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Section: Deprived Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of neighbourhood and municipality characteristics on social cohesion in the Netherlands

2009

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“…Situating entities in space therefore strengthens the empirical basis and sheds new light on the nature of social networks. Spatially embedded models of networks indeed show the non-trivial impact of geography on network properties (Kosmidis et al 2008) as well as the importance of geographically concentrated networks (Browning et al 2004). Empirical studies by both sociologists (McPherson et al 2001;Wellman 1996) and regional scientists (Cassi and Plunket 2014;Fritsch and Kauffeld-Monz 2010;Ioannides and Topa 2010) confirm the critical role of space, with social distance (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Churning, power laws, and inequality in a spatial agent-based model of social networks

Cho

Mansury

2016

Ann Reg Sci

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Amidst many previous network models lacking a spatial dimension, this paper proposes a dynamic agent-based model of social network formation that explicitly considers space. We find that varying the dynamics of agent interaction causes the emergence of differential degree distributions as well as nonlinear dynamics in social and spatial inequalities. The scale-free property of degree connectivity vanishes when tie formation dominates tie dissolution, with power laws re-emerging when tie dissolution is of equal strength or stronger than tie formation. Furthermore, we find a nonlinear relationship between network density and agent inequality in social resources. In particular, multiple phase transitions occur where the relationship is positive in one phase but negative in another. This suggests that, contrary to intuition, higher connectivity can have an adverse distributional impact by benefiting the already privileged. Critically, we find a tradeoff between agent inequality and spatial inequality where the geographic concentration of social resources accompanies a more equal distribution of connectivity. Finally, the disadvantage of agents with limited spatial reach is exacerbated as network density increases. Our results thus highlight the importance of distinguishing between social and spatial inequality in policymaking.

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“…social network supports) (Browning, Feinberg, & Dietz, 2004;Hays & Kogl, 2007;Oesterle et al, 2004) are co-occurring factors along with minority status, gender and age (Martin-Combs & Bayne-Smith, 2000) as classism, racism and ageism often co-occur along parallel or intersecting paths. This makes the discussion of civic-political development in the context of economic apartheid equally profound.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This fosters collective efficacy. Collective efficacy speaks to shared identities, interests or beliefs that the overarching political and social systems will adequately and respectfully respond to the groups' needs and concerns (Browning et al, 2004).…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Civic-Political Development in the Context of Economic Apartheid in Distressed Communities: A Theoretical Model

Kelly¹

2017

AASoci

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As class status improves, engagement in civic and political activities increases. These activities are voting, volunteerism and vocal activism. However, depressed socio-economic status leaves many individuals disengaged from civic-political structures. Applying Attachment Theory, this article proposes there are five statuses of civic-political development to being an engaged citizen. These statuses correspond to fixed class categories and are 1) disengaged and detached; 2) insecure, responsive; 3) insecure, subscribing; 4) secure, subscribing; 5) secure and defining. The lower the quintile, the less engaged an individual is in the civic-political structures of society and attached to their community. Organizing communities is one way to engage individuals into the civic-political structures of their community in spite of their economic status.

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The Paradox of Social Organization: Networks, Collective Efficacy, and Violent Crime in Urban Neighborhoods

Cited by 419 publications

References 55 publications

The impact of neighbourhood and municipality characteristics on social cohesion in the Netherlands

The impact of neighbourhood and municipality characteristics on social cohesion in the Netherlands

Churning, power laws, and inequality in a spatial agent-based model of social networks

Civic-Political Development in the Context of Economic Apartheid in Distressed Communities: A Theoretical Model

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