The Paramyxoviruses and Orthomyxoviruses

Fryer, J. L.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-83727-2_28

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Other studies have shown that paramyxoviruses or paramyxo-like viruses may be widely distributed in fish populations (Hoffman et al 1969, Winton et al 1985, Fryer 1989, Lannan et al 1989, Hetrick & Hedrick 1993, Body et al 2000, Kvellestad et al 2003, and using this first sequence as a starting point it should be possible compare the different isolates. It also opens up the possibility of developing molecular diagnostic methods for fish paramyxoviruses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They suggested naming the virus Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus (ASPV). Paramyxo-and orthomyxo-like viruses have been described and isolated from several fish species, also from fish with epitheliocystis, but none of these viruses have been genetically characterised (Hoffman et al 1969, Winton et al 1985, Fryer 1989, Lannan et al 1989, Cepeda et al 1993, Hetrick & Hedrick 1993, Body et al 2000.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic position of a paramyxovirus from Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

Fridell¹,

Devold²,

Nylund³

2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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A paramyxovirus has been isolated from Atlantic salmon Salmo salar suffering from epitheliocystis. This virus does not cause any mortality when used to challenge disease-free salmon, but has been associated with 2 cases of mortality in salmon farms in Norway. Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus (ASPV) has been suggested as a name for the virus. The ASP virus is a slow-growing virus in cell cultures (rainbow trout gill cells: RTgill-W1). Little is known about its importance and its phylogenetic position is uncertain. Hence, the need for a fast and sensitive diagnostic method for studying the prevalence of this virus in salmon farms and for more basic knowledge about its identity were the motivation for this study. A partial nucleotide sequence (816 bp) from the large protein (L protein) gene of the ASP virus has been sequenced from 2 different isolates. The putative amino acid sequence has been compared with the L protein of other paramyxoviruses. This sequence gives strong support to a relationship between the ASP virus and members of the subfamily Paramyxovirinae, genus Respirovirus. KEY WORDS: Salmo salar · Paramyxovirus · L protein · Phylogeny Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 59: [11][12][13][14][15] 2004 Morbillivirus, while the latter contains the 2 genera Pneumovirus and Metapneumovirus. In the present study, a partial amino acid sequence from the large L protein (the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase consists of 2 virus-encoded subunits; the phosphoprotein and the L protein) of an ASP virus (Kvellestad et al. 2003) and an identical virus isolated from Atlantic salmon Salmo salar in western Norway, are compared with the L protein of other paramyxoviruses. Nucleotide and amino acid sequences can be good indicators of phylogenetic relationships between viruses (cf. Knipe & Howlwy 2001). The phylogenetic position of ASPV is discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODSThe Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus (ASPV) was first isolated, using rainbow trout gill cells (RTgill-W1, Bols et al. 1994), from gills of farmed Atlantic salmon postsmolts in Norway during an outbreak of gill disease (Kvellestad et al. 2003). The isolate is named ASPV-VI (ASPV-Veterinary Institute) and was used to challenge disease-free salmon in seawater (Fridell 2003). Later the virus was reisolated from the challenged salmon and cultured in RTgill-W1 cells (Fridell 2003). We have also isolated an identical paramyxovirus, ASPV-Ro, from Atlantic salmon suffering from epitheliocystis on the west coast of Norway (Rogaland county).RTgill-W1 (Bols et al. 1994) cells were cultured in 15 cm 2 tissue-culture flasks (Nunc) at 20°C in Eagle's minimum essential medium (EMEM) (Sigma) supplemented with 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) (10% v/v), L-glutamine (4 mM) and gentamicin (50 µg ml -1 ). The cells were then subcultured for 7 to 10 d until the tissue flasks were covered with 60 to 80% confluent monolayer.Homogenates from ASP virus-infected tissues were diluted 1:100 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and ...

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