The particle size characteristics of fluvial suspended sediment in the Humber and Tweed catchments, UK

Walling, Desmond E.; Owens, Philip N.; Waterfall, Ben D; Leeks, G. J. L.; Wass, P.D.

doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(00)00384-3

Cited by 151 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, some authors have reported no or an inverse relationship between mean sediment grain-size and runoff discharge, as suspended sediment is often mainly supply dependent and other sediment sources can become available during higher runoff discharges (e.g. Slattery and Burt 1997;Walling et al 2000). This probably explains why the correlation coefficients are generally lower for high-SSC samples.…”

Section: Variation In Suspended Grain-size Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment dynamics and the role of flash floods in sediment export from medium-sized catchments: a case study from the semi-arid tropical highlands in northern Ethiopia

et al. 2010

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Purpose The Ethiopian highlands are a fragile environment, characterized by steep slopes, intense rainfall, a sparse vegetation cover and the occurrence of flash floods. Although important efforts have been made to mitigate the ongoing soil erosion and land degradation problems, the sediment dynamics at medium-sized catchment scale (100-10,000 km²)are not fully understood. Therefore, this study aims to provide a better of sediment export processes and the importance of flash flood events in semi-arid tropical catchments. 2Methods Measuring campaigns were conducted in 10 subcatchments of the Geba, a tributary of the Tekeze, representative of the northern Ethiopian highlands. During 2 to 4 rainy seasons, the rivers were sampled for their suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and runoff discharge.Results and discussion Variations in SSC and sediment grain-size distribution indicate changes in sediment supply during the rainy season, due to the depletion of readily available sediments and the development of a vegetation cover.Also during flood events, changes in sediment supply are observed. Sediment yields (i.e. 497-6,543 t km -2 yr -1 ) are higher than suggested by previous studies and correlate with rainfall depth. The majority of sediment export occurs during a few short but intense flash floods. No clear effect of implemented soil and water conservation measures could be detected in the sediment yields of the catchments.Conclusions Sediment export rates in the Ethiopian highlands are high, are characterized by important changes in sediment supply and are mainly controlled by the occurrence and magnitude of flash flood events. Mitigation measures to reduce sediment yield at the catchment scale should therefore not only focus on the reduction of hillslope erosion rates, but also on the magnitude of these floods.

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Section: Variation In Suspended Grain-size Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment dynamics and the role of flash floods in sediment export from medium-sized catchments: a case study from the semi-arid tropical highlands in northern Ethiopia

et al. 2010

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“…sand-sized or less) in size, with much of this being <63 mm (i.e. silt-and clay-sized material), although there are exceptions (Walling and Moorehead, 1989;Walling et al, 2000). In addition, the <63 mm fraction of the suspended load has increased importance in biogeochemical fluxes within river systems because this is the chemically active component of the solid load and thus many contaminants and nutrients (including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, radionuclides, heavy and trace metals, and phosphorus) are transported (and stored) in association with the <63 mm fraction (Salomons and Forstner, 1984;Horowitz et al, 1993Horowitz et al, , 1995Foster and Charlesworth, 1996;Owens et al, 2001).…”

Section: Fine-grained Sediment In River Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine‐grained sediment in river systems: environmental significance and management issues

Owens

Batalla

Collins

et al. 2005

River Research & Apps

557

294

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Fine-grained sediment is a natural and essential component of river systems and plays a major role in the hydrological, geomorphological and ecological functioning of rivers. In many areas of the world, the level of anthropogenic activity is such that fine-grained sediment fluxes have been, or are being, modified at a magnitude and rate that cause profound, and sometimes irreversible, changes in the way that river systems function. This paper examines how anthropogenic activity has caused significant changes in the quantity and quality of fine-grained sediment within river systems, using examples of: land use change in New Zealand; the effects of reservoir construction and management in different countries; the interaction between sediment dynamics and fish habitats in British Columbia, Canada; and the management of contaminated sediment in USA rivers. The paper also evaluates present programmes and initiatives for the management of fine sediment in river systems and suggests changes that are needed if management strategies are to be effective and sustainable.

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“…These fine materials have a high sorption rate towards organic and inorganic xenobiotics [2]. On the opposite, non-cohesive particles are made of detritical materials containing quartz having low specific surfaces [3]. The percentage of organic carbon can also vary quite largely according to the considered granulometric class.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and radionuclide sorption of suspended particulate matters in freshwater according to their settling kinetics

et al. 2005

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Abstract. In freshwater, radionuclide transfers depend both on exchanges between liquid and solid phases and on mass transfers between suspended and bottom sediment. Whereas the former ones depend on chemical processes (sorption/desorption, complexation…), the latter ones are regulated by hydrological and sedimentary considerations (dispersion, erosion, deposit…) closely related to the interactions between flow, suspended matter and bed sediment. Previous studies highlight the need to consider the matter heterogeneity and its specific sediment dynamics to correctly report the in homogeneity of fluxes in time and in space. These considerations lead us to develop an experimental method to distinguish the different particle groups present in natural water, mainly according to their settling kinetics. In this context, this paper presents the experimental protocol TALISMEN to characterize a natural bulk suspension according to its main settling kinetics groups. In a first step, this identification is achieved by the use of a settling tank that allows the monitoring of the suspended solid concentrations at various depths, combined to a settling model applying a multi-class approach. In a second step, the particle groups are isolated and characterized. The sorption property of each group toward 137 Cs is determined by estimation of its distribution coefficients (k d ) and sorption kinetics.

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The particle size characteristics of fluvial suspended sediment in the Humber and Tweed catchments, UK

Cited by 151 publications

References 24 publications

Sediment dynamics and the role of flash floods in sediment export from medium-sized catchments: a case study from the semi-arid tropical highlands in northern Ethiopia

Sediment dynamics and the role of flash floods in sediment export from medium-sized catchments: a case study from the semi-arid tropical highlands in northern Ethiopia

Fine‐grained sediment in river systems: environmental significance and management issues

Characterization and radionuclide sorption of suspended particulate matters in freshwater according to their settling kinetics

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