The path of carotenoid synthesis in a photosynthetic bacterium

Jensen, Synnøve Liaaen; Cohen-Bazire, Germaine; Nakayama, Tatsuo; Stanier, Roger Y.

doi:10.1016/0006-3002(58)90003-9

Cited by 112 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Several pathways of carotenoid biosynthesis in phototrophic bacteria have been described (Schmidt 1978). The spirilloxanthin family which is present in many of the species investigated, was first demonstrated in Rhodospirillum rubrum (Jensen et al 1958, Jensen et al 1961. The conversion of lycopene to spirilloxanthin involves hydroxylation, desaturation and methylation at both sides of the polyene chain.…”

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confidence: 99%

Carotenoid Profiles in Pigment-Protein Complexes of Rhodospirillum rubrum

Schwerzmann

Bachofen

1989

Plant and Cell Physiology

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Young cells of Rhodospirillum rubrum contain a set of carotenoids from lycopene to spirilloxanthin. During growth, intermediates are almost completely converted to spirilloxanthin. The ratio of the different carotenoid precursors vs. spirilloxanthin found in material of a certain age is the same in cells, chromatophores, light-harvesting complexes and reaction centers. Independent of the carotenoid composition and the age of the cells, the same detergent treatment can be used for isolation of pigment-protein complexes. Light-harvesting complexes of young cells containing mainly precursors of spirilloxanthin, as well as those of old cells in which spirilloxanthin dominates, both have their absorption maximum at 880 nm. It is thus assumed that all carotenoids of the spirilloxanthin series interact with bacteriochlorophyll a similarly to spirilloxanthin itself.From these results it is concluded that the micro-environment of these membrane-complexes is not influenced by the type of carotenoid present and that the assembly of the pigment-protein complexes in a growing membrane takes place before carotenoid biosynthesis has lead to the final product.

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confidence: 99%

Carotenoid Profiles in Pigment-Protein Complexes of Rhodospirillum rubrum

Schwerzmann

Bachofen

1989

Plant and Cell Physiology

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“…Spirilloxanthin is the terminal carotenoid in the biosynthetic sequence in Rhodospirillum rubrumw (13). In resting cells of R. rubrumz the carotenoids in the lycopene and P481 groups decreased during a 24 hour period with a concomitant increase in spirilloxanthin (6). The (7).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of the Methoxylated Carotenoids in Rhodospirillum rubrum

Benedict

Beckman

1964

Plant Physiol.

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“…Carotenoids have been isolated from strains of Staphylococcus aureus by Sobin & Stahly (1943) (rubixanthin and A-carotene), by Chargaff (1933) (zeaxanthin) and by Suzue (1959). Colourless hydroxylated C4, polyterpenes probably also occur (Jensen, Cohen-Bazire, Nakayama & Stanier, 1958). Possibly carotenoids or analogous compounds capable of substituting for sterols also are present in P .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Response of Mycoplasma to Carotenoid Pigments and Carotenoid Intermediates

Stupakova¹

1966

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYBiosynthetic precursors of carotenoids and hydroxylated carotenoids were substituted for sterol in growth experiments with two representative sterol-requiring mycoplasmas, MycopZasma hominis, strain 07 and avian Mycoplasma sp., strain J. Only C40 dihydroxyl compounds but not biosynthetic precursors supported growth of M . hominis. These results suggested that all enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway to carotenoids were lacking in this organism. A slight response to phytoene and neurosporene indicated that this species may be capable of hydroxylation of C40 compounds. Certain precursors of carotenoids and C40 dihydroxyl carotenoids supported growth of avian strain J. The phosphorylated mevalonic acids did not support growth of this organism, while isopentenyl pyrophosphate produced a response. These results indicated that an enzymic block occurs between mevalonic acid and isopentenyl pyrophosphate. Phytoene, phytofluene, c-carotene, and neurosporene supported growth of this organism indicating that enzymes probably are present for the conversion of certain C4q intermediates to dihydroxyl C40 compound( s). Lycopene and p-carotene did not support growth probably due to the lack of hydroxylating enzymes for these carotenoids. Monohydroxyl C40 carotenoids produced a negligible growth response with both organisms. The growth response of both organisms to sarcinaxanthin and lutein indicated that the presence of two hydroxyl groups in the 3,3'-positions is essential for growth. That the carotenol of M . laidlawii strain B supported growth is further proof that a dihydroxyl C40 compound is required for growth (the exact locations of the hydroxyl groups are unknown). Since earlier work has suggested analogous functions for sterol and carotenol the sterol requirement of certain mycoplasma species appears to be the result of the inability of these organisms to effect biosynthesis of carotenols.

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The path of carotenoid synthesis in a photosynthetic bacterium

Cited by 112 publications

References 21 publications

Carotenoid Profiles in Pigment-Protein Complexes of Rhodospirillum rubrum

Carotenoid Profiles in Pigment-Protein Complexes of Rhodospirillum rubrum

Biosynthesis of the Methoxylated Carotenoids in Rhodospirillum rubrum

Growth Response of Mycoplasma to Carotenoid Pigments and Carotenoid Intermediates

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