The path of least resistance: Paying for antibiotics in non-human uses

Hollis, Aidan; Ahmed, Ziana

doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2014.08.013

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In recent years, lysozyme has attracted the interest of researchers due to its potential applications in the pharmaceutical and aquaculture fields [73]. Currently, the search and use of antimicrobials that are able to treat pathologies and specific diseases is necessary to guarantee the health of farmed animals and to encourage safer and more sustainable aquaculture [74]. Therefore, to improve the therapeutic effectiveness in aquaculture, new formulations prepared by the association of lysozyme to vaccines obtained from Vibrio anguillarum and Edwardsiella piscicida have been proposed [75].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jellyfish Bioprospecting in the Mediterranean Sea: Antioxidant and Lysozyme-Like Activities from Aurelia coerulea (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) Extracts

et al. 2021

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Marine invertebrates represent a vast, untapped source of bioactive compounds. Cnidarians are represented by nearly 10,000 species that contain a complex mixture of venoms, collagen, and other bioactive compounds, including enzymes, oligosaccharides, fatty acids, and lipophilic molecules. Due to their high abundance in coastal waters, several jellyfish taxa may be regarded as candidate targets for the discovery of novel lead molecules and biomaterials and as a potential source of food/feed ingredients. The moon jellyfish Aurelia coerulea is one of the most common jellyfish worldwide and is particularly abundant in sheltered coastal lagoons and marinas of the Mediterranean Sea, where it first appeared—as an alien species—in the last century, when Pacific oyster cultivation began. In the present study, the antioxidant and lysozyme antibacterial activities associated with extracts from different medusa compartments—namely the umbrella, oral arms, and secreted mucus—were investigated. Extracts from the oral arms of A. coerulea displayed significant antioxidant activity. Similarly, lysozyme-like activity was the highest in extracts from oral arms. These findings suggest that A. coerulea outbreaks may be used in the search for novel cytolytic and cytotoxic products against marine bacteria. The geographically wide occurrence and the seasonally high abundance of A. coerulea populations in coastal waters envisage and stimulate the search for biotechnological applications of jellyfish biomasses in the pharmaceutical, nutritional, and nutraceutical sectors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jellyfish Bioprospecting in the Mediterranean Sea: Antioxidant and Lysozyme-Like Activities from Aurelia coerulea (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) Extracts

et al. 2021

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“…The administration of antibiotics in aquaculture farms is mainly done through food, the remaining of which accumulates in the environment together with excretions [98]. Such accumulation of antibiotics in the marine sediments can persist for months, acting as a selection pressure that favors the establishment of resistant microorganisms that alter the endemic microbiota and the natural biogeochemical processes [99]. In Chile, this phenomenon is of great importance, since most of the salmon production is concentrated in the south of Patagonia, an area of high biological diversity.…”

Section: Effect Of Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Metagenomics to Chilean Aquaculture

Tello¹,

Valdés²,

Vargas³

et al. 2020

Metagenomics - Basics, Methods and Applications

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Aquaculture is a rapidly expanding food production sector, facing the challenge of growth both increasing its efficiency and reducing its negative impact on the environment. Metagenomics is an emerging tool in aquaculture that helps to understand the complex host (fish-shellfish)-microbiota-pathogen-environment relationship underlying disease outbreaks, monitoring the dynamics of microbial diversity in farmed animals subject to different environmental conditions or perturbations. As Chile takes an important share of world aquaculture market, this chapter reviews the actual and potential applications of metagenomics to support a sustainable expansion and diversification of Chilean aquaculture. The focus is on (i) the role and function of the gut microbiota in the proper immunostimulation and disease control and (ii) the role of metagenomics in monitoring environmental microbial biodiversity and dynamics in relation to disease persistence and ecosystem stability. We conclude that despite the importance of the aquaculture sector in Chile, the application of metagenomics to deal with disease control and ecosystem preservation is still an emerging field of study. Understanding host (fish-shellfish)microbiota-pathogen-environment diversity of interactions in a more holistic view, i.e., the holobiome approach, could be key to develop rational strategies to improve productivity by increasing resistance to diseases and reducing the use of antibiotics and their negative environmental impact.

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“…43 Alternatively, a tax on antibiotic revenues at the manufacturer or importer level might be levied to offset the costs of the negative externalities caused by the use of their products, as in a Pigouvian tax. 44 However, even without quantifying precisely the negative externality, a user fee applied to the use of antibiotics in animals could be an effective disincentive against low-value usage of these important drugs.…”

Section: International Agreementmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Systems Approach is Needed to Ensure the Sustainability of Antibiotic Effectiveness for Both Humans and Animals

So¹,

Shah²,

Roach³

et al. 2015

J. Law. Med. Ethics

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The growing demand for animal products and the widespread use of antibiotics in bringing food animals to market have heightened concerns over cross-species transmission of drug resistance. Both the biology and emerging epidemiology strongly support the need for global coordination in stemming the generation and propagation of resistance, and the patchwork of global and country-level regulations still leaves significant gaps. More importantly, discussing such a framework opens the door to taking modular steps towards solving these challenges - for example, beginning among targeted parties rather than all countries, tying accountability to financial and technical support, or taxing antibiotic use in animals to deter low-value usage of these drugs. An international agreement would allow integrating surveillance data collection, monitoring and enforcement, research into antibiotic alternatives and more sustainable approaches to agriculture, technical assistance and capacity building, and financing under the umbrella of a One Health approach.

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The path of least resistance: Paying for antibiotics in non-human uses

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Jellyfish Bioprospecting in the Mediterranean Sea: Antioxidant and Lysozyme-Like Activities from Aurelia coerulea (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) Extracts

Jellyfish Bioprospecting in the Mediterranean Sea: Antioxidant and Lysozyme-Like Activities from Aurelia coerulea (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa) Extracts

Application of Metagenomics to Chilean Aquaculture

An Integrated Systems Approach is Needed to Ensure the Sustainability of Antibiotic Effectiveness for Both Humans and Animals

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