The Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease

Alexandersen, Søren; Zhang, Z.; Donaldson, Alex; Garland, A. J. M.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9975(03)00041-0

Cited by 711 publications

(742 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…Foot-and-Mouth disease virus (FMDV) can be spread by various ways, of which direct contact with infected animals is considered the most important, but also transmission of FMDV by slurry, transport vehicles and air-borne transmission have been described [1]. For control of the disease, it is important that the transmission of the virus be quantified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of within- and between-pen transmission of Foot-and-Mouth disease virus in pigs

Eblé¹,

Koeijer

Bouma

et al. 2006

Vet. Res.

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-Quantified transmission parameters of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) are needed for epidemic models used for control and surveillance. In this study, we quantified the within-and between-pen transmission of FMDV in groups of pigs by estimating the daily transmission rate β, i.e. the number of secondary infections caused by one infectious pig during one day, using an SIR (susceptible-infectious-removed) model. Within-pen transmission was studied in four groups of ten pigs in which 5 infected and 5 susceptible pigs had direct contact; betweenpen transmission was studied in one group of ten pigs in which 5 infected and 5 susceptible pigs had indirect contact. Daily results of virus isolation of oropharyngeal fluid were used to quantify the transmission rate β, using Generalised Linear Modelling (GLM) and a maximum likelihood method. In addition, we estimated the expected time to infection of the first pig within a pen T w and in the indirect-contact pen T b . The between-pen transmission rate β b was estimated to be 0.59 (0.083-4.18) per day, which was significantly lower than the within-pen transmission rate β w of 6.14 (3.75-10.06). T w was 1.6 h, and T b was 16 h. Our results show that the transmission rate is influenced by contact structure between pigs.foot-and-mouth disease / pigs / transmission / transmission rate / modelling

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of within- and between-pen transmission of Foot-and-Mouth disease virus in pigs

Eblé¹,

Koeijer

Bouma

et al. 2006

Vet. Res.

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“…The disease is characterized by the formation of painful, serous vesicles on the tongue, lips and other tissues of the mouth, and on less stratified integumentary parts of the body such as the udder and teats, the interdigital space and the coronary band above the hooves [1]. Infected cattle and pigs usually develop typical signs whereas clinical diagnosis in sheep and goats is difficult due to mild disease manifestations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of foot and mouth disease in Karnataka state, India: a retrospective study

et al. 2014

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A retrospective study on the epidemiology of foot and-mouth disease (FMD) in Karnataka, India between the years 1977 and 2012-13 based on the data collected through passive and active surveillance was undertaken. A total of 11,159 outbreaks with 0.271 million cases of FMD were recorded from 30 different revenue districts of Karnataka. There was a significant difference between the years for the annual incidence of FMD (P = \0.001, F = 19.10) and also between the months (P = \0.001, F = 4.22). Cattle and buffaloes were the predominant species affected being involved in all of the outbreaks reported. A significant correlation was observed between livestock density and the number of outbreaks reported (r = 0.70, p \ 0.02), and number of cases (r = 0.76, p \ 0.01) for all the agro-climatic zones. The Central dry zone (n = 2257, 19.89 %) reported the highest number of outbreaks followed by the Northern dry zone (n = 1881, 16.58 %) and the Southern transition zone (n = 1761, 15.52 %), and attack rates were concentrated in the North/Northeastern/Central dry and transition zones. A large majority of the outbreaks were caused by serotype O (64.04 %), followed by Asia 1 (19.87 %) and A (12.27 %). Serotype C was not reported since 1993 in the state. In recent years, serotype O has dominated (82.59 %), with the rest of the outbreaks being almost equally caused by A (9.01 %) and Asia 1 (8.40 %). The study highlights the significance of the O serotype and cattle as the main indicator species in the epidemiology of FMD in Karnataka, India. The findings from this study can be used as baseline epidemiological data for further research to identify endemic and epidemic areas for the development of a sustainable programme for the progressive control of FMD in the state of Karnataka as well as other endemic settings.

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“…Seven serotypes of FMDV with indistinguishable clinical effects occur: O, A, C, South African Territories (SAT) 1, SAT 2, SAT 3, and Asia 1 (Alexandersen et al, 2003). Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious acute febrile disease characterized by the formation of vesicles on mucous membranes of the mouth and nose and on hairless skin of the feet.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Mortality rates are generally below 5% but can be higher in young animals (Domingo et al, 1990). Foot-and-mouth disease virus can be transmitted directly through close contact with acutely infected animals, by feeding of contaminated animal products, by indirect contact with fomites, and by windborne spread (Alexandersen et al, 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…LPBE and VNT are the prescribed tests for the detection of FMDV-specific antibodies (Anonymous, 2000). Presently, VNT is recommended as the definitive ''gold standard'' for the final assessment of results (Alexandersen et al, 2003). Antibodies against FMDV detected in the serum of cattle recovering from FMD are of the early and the late types (Brown and Graves, 1959).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absence of Antibodies to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Free-ranging Roe Deer from Selected Areas of Germany (2001-2002)

Mouchantat

Haas

Lutz³

et al. 2005

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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The Pathogenesis and Diagnosis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease

Cited by 711 publications

References 174 publications

Quantification of within- and between-pen transmission of Foot-and-Mouth disease virus in pigs

Quantification of within- and between-pen transmission of Foot-and-Mouth disease virus in pigs

Epidemiology of foot and mouth disease in Karnataka state, India: a retrospective study

Absence of Antibodies to Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Free-ranging Roe Deer from Selected Areas of Germany (2001-2002)

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