The pathogenesis and treatment of brain metastases: a comprehensive review

Tosoni, Alicia; Ermani, Mario; Brandes, Alba A.

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2004.08.006

Cited by 130 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 121 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…7 Even though this treatment modality has been shown effective for local tumor control, survival benefits have been modest, ranging from 3 to 5 months. [4][5][6] More so, WBRT has been associated with significant side effects. 8,9 Chemotherapy has been of limited use in patients with brain metastasis because of the blood-brain barrier (BBB).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced chemotherapy delivery by intraarterial infusion and blood‐brain barrier disruption in the treatment of cerebral metastasis

Fortin

Gendron

Boudrias

et al. 2007

Cancer

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Cationic polyurethane‐fluorinated acrylate hybrid dispersions (PUFA) were prepared by the copolymerization of styrene, butyl acrylate, and 2,2,3,4,4,4‐hexafluorobutyl methacrylate in the medium of crosslinked polyurethane via phase inversion polymerization. The said polyurethane was synthesized in acetone from 2,4‐tolyene diisocyanate, N‐methyldiethanolamine, trimethylolpropane, and soft polyester diol block. The influences of hydrophilic monomer on the surface properties, immersion behaviors, particle size and, zeta potential of the dispersions were investigated. The results show that the addition of hydrophilic monomer can be advantaged to the stability of dispersions and yet will increase the surface free energy by more than 19.9%. The PUFA coating films cured at ambient conditions have the lower surface free energy (less than 0.02033 J/m2). At the same time, there is an obvious mobility of fluorinated groups in fluorinated polymer films. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2006

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confidence: 99%

Enhanced chemotherapy delivery by intraarterial infusion and blood‐brain barrier disruption in the treatment of cerebral metastasis

Fortin

Gendron

Boudrias

et al. 2007

Cancer

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“…An autopsy study found the distribution of cerebral metastases to be approximately 20%, 17%, 10%, and 9% to the occipital lobe, frontal lobe, parietal lobe, and temporal lobe, respectively; the same study found slightly more metastases were left-sided (48.9%) in comparison to right-sided (45.2%), and 5.9% were centrally located [147]. This spread of metastasis appears to parallel the amount of blood flow to these areas [4,68,139,148]. The development of these metastases transpires when the cancer cells spread through the internal carotid and vertebrobasilar arteries or the Batson venous plexus and concentrate at the gray-white junction [149].…”

Section: Distribution Of Cns Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Possibly affecting the risk of brain metastasis is the drug efflux pump, Pglycoprotein (P-gp) [138,139]. P-gp is highly expressed in the BBB and modulates multidrug resistance in addition to limiting the penetration into and retention of compounds to the brain [138,140,141].…”

Section: The Blood-brain Barrier In Cns Metastasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The development of these metastases transpires when the cancer cells spread through the internal carotid and vertebrobasilar arteries or the Batson venous plexus and concentrate at the gray-white junction [149]. The concentration in this particular area results from the sudden decrease in blood vessel size which ensnares the cancer cells [4,139,148,149].…”

Section: Distribution Of Cns Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metastatic CNS tumors should be in the differential diagnosis if a cancer patient reports neurological symptoms such as headaches, nausea, cognitive problems, seizures, dysphasia, motor weakness, or sensory disturbances, since these metastases are usually symptomatic [139,145,153,[156][157][158]. CNS metastasis symptoms can either be generalized or focal.…”

Section: Symptoms and Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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