The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Breakthroughs in Molecular Mechanisms 1 and 2

Nanke, Yuki

doi:10.3390/ijms241311060

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…RA is a chronic and progressive autoimmune disease characterised by multiple symmetrical joint leukocyte infiltration and systemic osteoporosis ( 5 , 6 ). Pathological changes include synovial hyperplasia, angiogenesis, pannus formation, inflammatory cell infiltration, articular cartilage, and bone destruction, leading to joint dysfunction and deformity ( 7 , 8 ). Clinically, joint pain, tenderness, and rigidity are often accompanied by immune osteoporosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress of targeted therapy regulating Th17/Treg balance in bone immune diseases

Wang,

Sun,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) are common bone-immune diseases. The imbalance between helper (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) produced during differentiation of CD4+ T cells plays a key regulatory role in bone remodelling disorders in RA and PMOP. However, the specific regulatory mechanism of this imbalance in bone remodelling in RA and PMOP has not been clarified. Identifying the regulatory mechanism underlying the Th17/Treg imbalance in RA and PMOP during bone remodelling represents a key factor in the research and development of new drugs for bone immune diseases. In this review, the potential roles of Th17, Treg, and Th17/Treg imbalance in regulating bone remodelling in RA and PMOP have been summarised, and the potential mechanisms by which probiotics, traditional Chinese medicine compounds, and monomers maintain bone remodelling by regulating the Th17/Treg balance are expounded. The maintenance of Th17/Treg balance could be considered as an therapeutic alternative for the treatment of RA and PMOP. This study also summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of conventional treatments and the quality of life and rehabilitation of patients with RA and PMOP. The findings presented her will provide a better understanding of the close relationship between bone immunity and bone remodelling in chronic bone diseases and new ideas for future research, prevention, and treatment of bone immune diseases.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress of targeted therapy regulating Th17/Treg balance in bone immune diseases

Wang,

Sun,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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“…Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease affecting multiple systems, primarily joints [1,2]. Chronic inflammation replaces bone erosion through cartilage destruction [1][2][3]. Recent literature suggests that various pathogenetic mechanisms of RA involve immune system cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Biochemical and Oxidative Stress Markers in the Early Stages of Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Comparative Study of Two Different Therapeutic Approaches

Ioannidou,

Tsiakalidou,

Kazeli

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a well-known autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the diarthrodial joints. Inflammation increases the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may explain why RA is one of the diseases that induce oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate potential differences in biochemical, hematological and oxidative stress markers in early stages of RA and after different treatment regimens. The study involved 111 patients, 28 men and 83 women, aged 34 to 59 years who were divided based on their c-reactive protein (CRP) levels into inactive RA patients (IRA) with CRP &lt; 1.3 (n = 57, 22 men and 35 women) and active RA patients (ARA) with CRP ≥ 1.3 (n = 54, 6 men and 48 women). The study participants were divided into two groups, A and B, based on their treatment regimen. Group A, which comprised 90% IRA, received methotrexate (MTX) monotherapy. Group B, which comprised 90% ARA, received a combination of leflunomide, a conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD), and a biologic DMARD. Hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress and RA-specific biomarkers were measured twice in groups A and B, in the early stage in the disease, before and 3 months post-treatment, using conventional colorimetric, fluorometric and immunological assays. According to the results of our study, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), ROS, calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) ions, vitamin C and D, and lipid profile could serve as potential diagnostic markers in the early stages of the disease. Both treatment options were equally effective in improving the overall health of the patients. However, treatment resulted in a further increase in ROS levels and a decrease in antioxidant markers.

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The immunomodulatory of interleukin-33 in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review

Liu,

Wang,

Luo

et al. 2024

Clinical Immunology

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The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis Breakthroughs in Molecular Mechanisms 1 and 2

Abstract: The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) consists of the formation of synovial villi, inflammation, immune abnormalities, and bone–cartilage destruction [...]

Cited by 5 publications

References 14 publications

Research progress of targeted therapy regulating Th17/Treg balance in bone immune diseases

Research progress of targeted therapy regulating Th17/Treg balance in bone immune diseases

Evaluation of Biochemical and Oxidative Stress Markers in the Early Stages of Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Comparative Study of Two Different Therapeutic Approaches

The immunomodulatory of interleukin-33 in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review

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