The pathogenesis of Yersinia enterocolitica infection in gnotobiotic piglets

Robins-Browne, Roy M.; Tzipori, Saul; Gonis, Gena; Hayes, J S; Withers, Maree; Prpic, Juliana Kaya

doi:10.1099/00222615-19-3-297

Cited by 65 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This property is encoded primarily by chromosomal genes, as evidenced by the ability of Y. enterocolitica cured of the virulence plasmid to invade cells in vitro and to cross the intestinal epithelia of animals (40,43,56). Two genes, inv and ail, which can each promote invasion of tissue culture cells when expressed by noninvasive Escherichia coli, have been cloned from Y. enterocolitica serotype 08 (34).…”

Section: * Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid substitutions in naturally occurring variants of ail result in altered invasion activity

Beer

Miller

1992

J Bacteriol

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Yersinia enterocolitica is the causative agent of a variety of gastrointestinal syndromes ranging from acute enteritis to mesenteric lymphadenitis. In addition, systemic infections resulting in high mortality rates can occur in elderly and immunocompromised patients. More than 50 serotypes of Y. enterocolitica have been identified, but only a few of them commonly cause disease in otherwise healthy hosts. Those serotypes that cause disease have been divided into two groups, American and non-American, based on their geographical distributions, biotypes, and pathogenicity. We have been studying two genes, inv and ail, from Y. enterocolitica that confer in tissue culture assays an invasive phenotype that strongly correlates with virulence. Some differences between the American and non-American serotypes at the ail locus were noted previously and have been investigated further in this report. The ail locus was cloned from seven Y. enterocolitica strains (seven different serotypes). Although the different clones produced similar amounts of Ail, the product of the ail gene from non-American serotypes (AilNA) was less able to promote invasion by Escherichia coli than was the product of the ail gene from American serotypes (AilA). This difference is probably due to one or more of the eight amino acid changes found in the derived amino acid sequence for the mature form of AilNA compared with that of AilA. Seven of these changes are predicted to be in cell surface domains of the protein (a model for the proposed folding of Ail within the outer membrane is presented). These results are discussed in relation to the growing family of outer membrane proteins, which includes Lom from bacteriophage lambda, PagC from salmonella typhimurium, and OmpX from Enterobacter cloacae.

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Section: * Corresponding Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid substitutions in naturally occurring variants of ail result in altered invasion activity

Beer

Miller

1992

J Bacteriol

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“…The present study shows also, for the first time, that infection with a plasmid-free strain produced mild early histopathological changes in the intestinal mucosa. In other experimental infections, histological examinations were not performed until 24 h after inoculation or later (Robins-Browne et al, 1985). The histopathological changes seen in this study in rabbits infected with the plasmid-free strain would have been missed completely if the first necropsy had not been performed until 24 h after inoculation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Invasiveness of Yersinia enterocolitica lacking the virulence plasmid: an in-vivo study

Lian

Hwang²,

Kelly³

et al. 1987

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Summary. Rabbits were given, by the intra-gastric route, two isogenic strains of Yersinia enterocolitica that differed only in the presence or absence of the virulence plasmid. Clinical illness and characteristic morphological lesions of Y . enterocolitica infection were seen only in rabbits infected with the plasmid-bearing strain (MCH700S). Although rabbits infected with a strain lacking the plasmid (MCH700L) remained healthy, mild histological changes in the small intestine, consisting of epithelial-cell damage, dilatation of lymphatics and a slight increase in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes in lamina propria, were seen in the first 12 h after inoculation. Bacteria, which were identified as Y . enterocolitica by indirect fluorescent anti body staining, were seen in dilated lymphatics. These early lesions tended to abate quickly and were no longer detectable at 24 h. Strain MCH700L was recovered from the mesenteric lymph nodes in increasing numbers until 24 h after inoculation; the number then began to decrease rapidly. In contrast, the early lesions in rabbits givFn strain MCHIIOOS progressed to micro-abscesses, focal destruction of villi, and ulcerations beginning 24 h after inoculation; the number of bacteria recovered from the lymph nodes continued to increase beyond 24 h after inoculation. Bacteria were also recovered from the liver and spleen. These results suggest that both plasmidbearing and non-bearing strains of Y. enterocolitica are capable of penetrating the intestinal mucosa. However, the virulence plasmid is required for invading bacteria to proliferate in the host tissue and to establish infection.

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“…In a gnotobiotic newborn piglet model, a Y. enterocolitica O:3 yst mutant remained virulent (Robins-Browne et al, 1985b). Furthermore, no enterotoxin production was detected in feces or intestines of mice, rabbits, or piglets with Y. enterocolitica-induced diarrhea Schiemann, 1981a;Robins-Browne et al, 1985b). In contrast, in a model of orally infected young rabbits, a ystA mutant of Y. enterocolitica O:9 lost the ability to cause diarrhea, weight loss, and death of the animals.…”

Section: Superantigens Of Y Pseudotuberculosismentioning

confidence: 79%

“…A Y. enterocolitica O:3 strain that did not produce YSTa was still capable of producing diarrhea in orally infected mice (Schiemann, 1981a). In a gnotobiotic newborn piglet model, a Y. enterocolitica O:3 yst mutant remained virulent (Robins-Browne et al, 1985b). Furthermore, no enterotoxin production was detected in feces or intestines of mice, rabbits, or piglets with Y. enterocolitica-induced diarrhea Schiemann, 1981a;Robins-Browne et al, 1985b).…”

Section: Superantigens Of Y Pseudotuberculosismentioning

confidence: 95%