The pathologic and immunologic effects of inhaled acrolein in rats

Leach, Chester L.; Hatoum, Nabil S.; Ratajczak, Helen V.; Gerhart, James M.

doi:10.1016/0378-4274(87)90232-3

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A number of studies demonstrate that inhalation of acrolein at relevant concentrations causes respiratory changes that are also characteristic of CS exposure, including epithelial alterations and compromised antibacterial and antiviral host defenses (21,(26)(27)(28). Acrolein is known to be capable of suppressing macrophage activation (21), and our previous studies indicate that in vivo exposure of mice to acrolein leads to reduced innate immune responses to LPS (29), similar to previously reported effects of CS.…”

supporting

confidence: 61%

The Tobacco Smoke Component, Acrolein, Suppresses Innate Macrophage Responses by Direct Alkylation of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase

Hristova¹,

Spiess²,

Kasahara³

et al. 2012

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol

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supporting

confidence: 61%

The Tobacco Smoke Component, Acrolein, Suppresses Innate Macrophage Responses by Direct Alkylation of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase

Hristova¹,

Spiess²,

Kasahara³

et al. 2012

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol

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“…At a level of 4 ppm, the highest mortality occurred with a sex difference in a proportion of 32/57 males versus 0/8 females. Similarly, the researchers reported that an exposure to 1.4-4 ppm causes reduced weight gain, a concentration-dependent increase in submucosal lymphoid aggregates and rhinitis, and peribronchiolar and bronchiolar damage (108,240,241).…”

Section: Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…At an air concentration of 1.4 ppm, alveolitis, hemorrhage, airway epithelial sloughing, edema, and type II cell hyperplasia are observed (240)(241)(242)(243). At 3 ppm, Leach et al (108) reported hyperplasic, metaplasic, and dysplasic changes in the mucous, respiratory, and olfactory epithelia of the nasal cavity. These changes were most prominent on the septum and in the anterior and ventral areas.…”

Section: Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It is present in diesel vehicle exhaust (105,106) and in emissions from biomass, kerosene, and LPG cooking stoves (107) and incinerators (108). It is present in urban ambient air at a concentration of 6 ppb or less (109)(110)(111)(112) released from direct emissions from man-made and natural sources (113), during photochemical formation (3), during water treatment (114), and from building materials (115).…”

Section: Exposure Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The immunological response of different systems was exposed to acrolein after challenge with different bacteria and viruses, such as S. aureus, influenza A/PR8/34, and S. typhimurium (108,245). In all cases, pulmonary antibacterial defenses diminished with the increase in exposure concentration.…”

Section: Experimental Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aldehydes and Acetals

Borchers¹

2012

Patty's Toxicology

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More than 300 aldehydes occur in foods, water, and air. Due to the electrophilicity of the carbonyl carbon, particularly when proximal to a carbon–carbon double bond, aldehydes react with thiols and amines to form protein–protein, DNA–protein, and DNA–DNA cross‐links. Despite their potential for causing cell damage, toxicological and exposure data for a large number of aldehydes are lacking. Inhalation and ingestion studies have demonstrated that a number of aldehydes are irritants and can induce tumors in animal models. Formaldehyde, which is a suspected carcinogen, is the most widely studied of these compounds. The physicochemical properties of saturated aldehydes are summarized. Toxicological and health effects are given.

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Aldehydes and Acetals

Bernal,

Loccisano,

Neilson

et al. 2023

Patty's Toxicology

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Aldehydes and acetals are both naturally occurring and the result of manufacturing processes, resulting in potential human exposures in occupational settings and from the ambient air and the use of consumer products. Aldehydes and acetals have been identified as genotoxicants, carcinogens, reproductive and developmental toxicants, and irritants. However, many also demonstrate limited toxicological effects at anticipated exposure levels in the general population. Here, 64 aldehydes and acetals are cataloged by sub‐class, chemical and physical properties, toxicological effects, and regulatory standards for occupational and general population cohorts. This summary of selected aldehydes and acetals represents the range of potential toxicological effects, which may cause difficulty in utilizing read‐across to predict the toxicity of aldehydes and acetals without toxicological data.

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The pathologic and immunologic effects of inhaled acrolein in rats

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

The Tobacco Smoke Component, Acrolein, Suppresses Innate Macrophage Responses by Direct Alkylation of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase

The Tobacco Smoke Component, Acrolein, Suppresses Innate Macrophage Responses by Direct Alkylation of c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase

Aldehydes and Acetals

Aldehydes and Acetals

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