The Pathology of Human Teratomas

Damjanov, Ivan

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5628-1_2

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…The cells are small with scanty cytoplasm and occur singly or are arranged in small, tightly packed clusters. 1,3,[8][9][10] Their nuclei are round, with coarse chromatin clumping and prominent nucleoli. Sometimes the nucleoli are inapparent on air-dried smears but conspicuous in alcohol-fixed preparations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extragonadal germ cell tumors: A fine‐needle aspiration biopsy study

Collins

Geisinger

Wakely

et al. 1995

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Germ cell tumors (GCT) are neoplasms that originate predominately in the ovary and testis. Tumors of germ cell origin only very uncommonly arise in extragonadal sites. We have diagnosed ten primary malignant extragonadal GCT arising in the mediastinum, retroperitoneum, liver, and sacrococcygeal region by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). Patient ages ranged from 1 to 54 years; the majority were males. Our series included three seminomas, three yolk sac tumors (YST), one choriocarcinoma, one embryonal carcinoma, and two mixed, poorly differentiated GCT. In aspirates, seminomatous elements are dissociated with uniform mononucleate cells having large vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. A tigroid background is produced with Diff-Quik-stained smears. YST yields cohesive clusters of cells with large nuclei, vacuolated cytoplasm, and extracellular hyaline matrix (spheres or hyaline globules). Giant multinucleate tumor cells are seen in choriocarcinoma. Embryonal carcinoma yields cellular smears of hyperchromatic cells with scant cytoplasm arranged predominantly in glandular or papillary formations. Ultrastructural (four cases) and immunocytochemical (seven cases) studies of aspirated material corroborated our cytologic interpretations. Aneuploid tumor cells were found by flow cytometry in aspirated material from a YST. Subsequent histologic examinations were performed on eight, and all were confirmatory. Although extragonadal GCT are relatively uncommon, they need to be considered in FNAB material from midline mass lesions. Ancillary studies were useful in confirming their diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…as primary extragonadal neoplasms. 1,2 The vast majority of these are found in midline locations, ranging from the pineal gland to the sacrococcygeal region. All of the histologic types of GCT found in the gonads may also be represented as primary tumors in extragonadal sites.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Extragonadal germ cell tumors: A fine‐needle aspiration biopsy study

Collins

Geisinger

Wakely

et al. 1995

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…There is a striking increase in malignancy as the age at diagnosis increases [26], At birth 7% show malignant features. This rises to 71 % at 1 month, and 100% after 4 months.…”

Section: Sacrococcygeal Teratomamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One half are diagnosed at birth and 69% at 1 month of age [26], Seventy-five percent occur in females. About 15% of patients with sacrococcygeal ter atomas have a variety of congenital anomalies: imperforate anus, sacral bony defects, spina bifida, duplication of uterus or vagina or me ningomyelocele [8], Twinning is more frequent in the families of these patients.…”

Section: Sacrococcygeal Teratomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Regression and Cytodifferentiation of Cancer in Early Life: The Oncogenic Grace Period

Bolande¹

1985

Pathol Immunopathol Res

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“…Histologically, the tumours consist of undifferentiated stem cells known as embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells, seminomatous elements, differentiated somatic tissues, which are usually benign, or cells resembling extra-embryonic elements, e.g. trophoblasts or yolk sacs [1]. The EC cell, a pluripotential stem cell, can be induced to differentiate into other phenotypes under certain conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a testicular carcinoma cell line producing α‐fetoprotein

et al. 2001

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Objective To characterize a newly established human testicular carcinoma cell line that continuously produces a-fetoprotein (AFP), and to investigate the effects of retinoic acid on AFP production. Materials and methods A 24-year-old man underwent a radical orchidectomy for a right testicular tumour and was found to have two separate metastatic lesions in the lungs, both of which were removed surgically. The cancer cells were isolated from one of the tumours, which was composed of undifferentiated germ cells and produced AFP; the cells were cultured in a monolayer. This cell line was designated as KU-MT. Results The cell line was successfully maintained both in athymic nude mice and in culture. Histological examination showed that the xenografted tumours were composed of cells in the reticular, solid and glandular patterns of a yolk sac tumour, and of embryonal carcinoma cells. These cells immunostained positively for AFP. On electron microscopy, the extracellular deposition of a basement lamina-like substance, a typical feature of yolk sac tumour, was detected.The AFP production in mice correlated well with the tumour weight of the xenograft. The cultured KU-MT cells were oval to polygonal in morphology and grew exponentially, with a population doubling time of < 2 days. Chromosomal analysis showed a modal number of 57 with consistent structural abnormalities of +add(1)(p13), del(1)(q32), del(2)(q31), add(6)(q21), +add(9)(p22), add(11)(p15), and add(14)(p11). Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the retinoic acid receptors (RAR)-a, RAR-c, and retinoid X receptor-a were present in the cells. The expression of AFP mRNA was up-regulated in response to all-trans-retinoic acid; treatment with this agent caused morphological changes and induced apoptosis in the cells. Conclusions This newly established cell line provides a reproducible model system that should offer a good insight into the differentiation of testicular carcinoma.

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The Pathology of Human Teratomas

Cited by 15 publications

References 152 publications

Extragonadal germ cell tumors: A fine‐needle aspiration biopsy study

Extragonadal germ cell tumors: A fine‐needle aspiration biopsy study

Spontaneous Regression and Cytodifferentiation of Cancer in Early Life: The Oncogenic Grace Period

Establishment of a testicular carcinoma cell line producing α‐fetoprotein

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