The pathology of the legionella pneumonias

Winn, Washington C.; Myerowitz, Richard L.

doi:10.1016/s0046-8177(81)80021-4

Cited by 204 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Legionnaires' disease, a potentially lethal pneumonia, is the result of the ability of Legionella to enter, survive and replicate in macrophages (Davis et al, 1983 ;Nash et al, 1984 ;Winn & Myerowitz, 1981). There are not any known animal reservoirs for L. pneumophila ; however, protozoa in the environment provide an important environmental source of the bacteria that infect humans (Anand et al, 1983 ;Henke & Seidel, 1986 ;Rowbotham, 1980Rowbotham, , 1986.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Legionella pneumophila rtxA gene in amoebae

et al. 2002

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Legionella pneumophila infects humans, causing Legionnaires' disease, from aerosols generated by domestic and environmental water sources. In aquatic environments L. pneumophila is thought to replicate primarily in protozoa. A ' repeats in structural toxin ' (RTX) gene, rtxA, from L. pneumophila was identified recently that plays a role in entry and replication in human macrophages and also has the ability to infect mice. However, the role of this gene in the interaction of L. pneumophila with environmental protozoa and its distribution in different Legionella species has not been examined. Southern analyses demonstrated that rtxA is present in all L. pneumophila isolates tested and correlates with species that have been shown to cause disease in humans. To evaluate the importance of rtxA in the interaction with protozoa a series of studies was carried out in an environmental host for L. pneumophila, Acanthamoeba castellanii. The L. pneumophila rtxA gene plays a role in both adherence and entry into A. castellanii similar to that observed in human monocytic cells. Furthermore, it was found that rtxA is involved in intracellular survival and trafficking. In addition to demonstrating involvement of rtxA in the interaction of L. pneumophila with host cells, these data support a role for this gene both during disease in humans and in environmental reservoirs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the Legionella pneumophila rtxA gene in amoebae

et al. 2002

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“…There are several reasons to believe that alveolar macrophages play a critical role in both the pathogenesis of Legionnaires' disease and in host defense against L. pneumophila. Alveolar macrophages are a prominent feature of the alveolar exudate in lung biopsy specimens from patients with Legionnaires' disease, and those cells frequently contain large numbers of intracellular L. pneumophila (1,2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Interaction between the legionnaires' disease bacterium (Legionella pneumophila) and human alveolar macrophages. Influence of antibody, lymphokines, and hydrocortisone.

Nash¹,

Libby²,

Horwitz³

1984

J. Clin. Invest.

241

165

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Abstract. We have studied the interaction between virulent Legionella pneumophila and human alveolar macrophages, the resident phagocytes at the site of infection in Legionnaires' disease. L. pneumophila multiplied 2.5-5 logs within 3 d, as measured by colony forming units, when incubated with freshly explanted alveolar macrophages in monolayer culture. At the peak of bacterial multiplication, the alveolar macrophage monolayers were destroyed. L. pneumophila multiplied more rapidly in 4-d-old than in freshly explanted alveolar macrophages. Inside alveolar macrophages, L. pneumophila were located within membrane-bound vacuoles whose cytoplasmic sides were studded with ribosomes.Alveolar macrophages that were incubated with concanavalin A (Con A) stimulated human mononuclear cell supernatants (cytokines), inhibited L. pneumophila multiplication, and the degree of inhibition was proportional to the concentration of Con A supernatant added.Anti-L. pneumophila antibody in conjunction with complement promoted phagocytosis of L. pneumophila by alveolar macrophages. By electron microscopy, most (75%) of the phagocytized L. pneumophila were intracellular. However, freshly explanted alveolar macroThis work was presented in part at the

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“…In its natural aquatic habitat as well as in man-made water systems, L. pneumophila is able to parasitise and replicate within free-living amoebae [2,3]. From this environment L. pneumophilu can be transmitted by inhalation of bacteria containing aerosols to humans where it colonises the respiratory tract and multiplies intracellularly in the alveolar macrophages [4]. Only * Corresponding author.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An oxaloacetate decarboxylase homologue protein influences the intracellular survival of Legionella pneumophila

Jain¹

1996

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Legionella pneumophilu is a facultative intracellular parasite which is able to survive in various eukaryotic cells. We characterised a TnS-mutant of the L. pneumophila Corby strain and were able to identify the insertion site of the transposon. It is localised within an open reading frame which shows high homology to the a-subunit of the oxaloacetate decarboxylase (OadA) of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The OadA homologous protein of L. pneumophila was detected in the wild-type strain by Western blotting. Since the intracellular multiplication of the oadA_ mutant strain is reduced in guinea pig alveolar macrophages and human monocytes, it is concluded that the oadA gene product has an effect on the intracellular survival of L. pneumophila.

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The pathology of the legionella pneumonias

Cited by 204 publications

References 63 publications

Role of the Legionella pneumophila rtxA gene in amoebae

Role of the Legionella pneumophila rtxA gene in amoebae

Interaction between the legionnaires' disease bacterium (Legionella pneumophila) and human alveolar macrophages. Influence of antibody, lymphokines, and hydrocortisone.

An oxaloacetate decarboxylase homologue protein influences the intracellular survival of Legionella pneumophila

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