The Pathophysiology and Etiology of Vaginismus

Jeng, Cherng Jye

doi:10.1016/s1028-4559(09)60047-4

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Vaginismus is defined as the involuntary spasm of the pelvic muscles surrounding the outer third of the vagina, particularly the perineal muscles and the levator ani muscles (Ellison, 1972;Jeng, 2004;Jeng et al, 2006;Kaplan, 1974;Masters & Johnson, 1970). In severe cases of vaginismus, the adductors of the thighs, the rectus abdominis, and the gluteus muscles may be involved.…”

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Management and Outcome of Primary Vaginismus

Jeng

Wang

Chou

et al. 2006

Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy

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Our objective was to access the success rate, and the factors affecting it, of treatment based on Masters and Johnson's sex therapy. For this prospective study, we enrolled 120 couples with unconsummated coitus due to vaginismus. We made a clinical diagnosis after taking a detailed history taking and conducting a clinical examination. Participants completed a questionnaire regarding characteristics of vaginismus after participating in a face-to-face interview. Both of these were done prior to treatment, after 3 months, and after 12 months. We provided sex therapy based on Masters and Johnson's method. Treatment results were then analyzed. After therapy, 93.3% of vaginismic women were successfully penetrated, and 83.3% had regular intercourse with orgasm. The abilities to reach orgasm and sexual desire were not different than that among normal women. There was a correlation between duration of unconsummation and success rate and also between severity of vaginismus, treatment sessions, and success rate. Because of our high success rate, we encourage vaginismic women and their partners to accept aggressive management.

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“…In severe cases of vaginismus, the adductors of the thighs, the rectus abdominis, and the gluteus muscles may be involved. This reflex contraction is triggered by imagined or anticipated attempts at penetration of the vagina or during the act of intromission or coitus (Jeng, 2004).…”

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Management and Outcome of Primary Vaginismus

Jeng

Wang

Chou

et al. 2006

Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy

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“…Patients were advised to have intercourse on the same day of the procedure to benefit from the local anesthetic effect. They were also advised to use a modified vaginal dilator (a 10 cc syringe coated with gauze and a condom) by introducing it herself in the presence of her husband to try to overcome the fear associated with penetration [14,15].…”

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Different Treatment Modalities for Refractory Vaginismus in Western Saudi Arabia

Fageeh

2011

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

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Introduction Although vaginismus is a common sexual dysfunction in Saudi Arabia, there are limited data concerning the treatment modalities associated with patients with symptoms of vaginismus. Aim This study is aimed to evaluate the presentation and different modalities of management in patients with severe refractory vaginismus in western Saudi Arabia. Main Outcome Measures Successful penetrative sexual intercourse suggesting that common elements of the therapies used were successful. Methods A retrospective study of patients presenting with severe refractory vaginismus treated in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The subjects were 15 women with third to fourth degree vaginismus who presented to King Abdulazziz University Hospital between January 1, 2008 and January 1, 2009. Results The mean age of the participants was 23 years. The mean duration of marriage before seeking medical advice was 12 months. Six patients had undergone conventional therapy successfully. The other six cases, four of which had a previous history of treatment failure, and two who were unresponsive to 4 months of conventional therapy were offered botulinum toxin type A. Five patients who received the Botox therapy had satisfactory intercourse on the same day of the treatment. One patient required a repeat injection after 2 months for recurrent vaginismus. Three of the 15 patients refused the treatment as they were already divorced and had only come in to exclude organic causes for their condition. Conclusions Vaginismus is an overlooked topic in conservative societies such as Saudi Arabia. For most patients, not knowing who to confide in or where to turn to plays a major role in the under diagnosis of vaginismus. Conventional therapy proved effective in mild and moderate cases, while botulinum toxin has a more rapid effect and was thus more effective in severe cases.

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“…The Lexicon medium by Hooper (1817) described dysmenorrhea as difficult or painful menstruation however, at that time there was no specific reference to vaginismus. 4 Huguier first introduced the term "vaginismus" 1834, as the title of his M.D thesis. However it was probably Trotula of Salerno in her 1547 treatise on "The diseases of women", who provided the first description of what we now call vaginismus: "A tightening of the vulva so that even a woman who has been seduced may appear a virgin.…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaginismus and Infertility

Marthasari

Marlinata

I’tishom

2020

IABJ

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Background: Vaginismus described as persistent or reccurent difficulties for woman to allow vaginal entry of a penis, a finger or there is often avoidance and anticipation, fear or experience of pain, along with variable involuntary contraction of pelvic muscle. Reviews: Vaginismus can lead to unconsummated marriage, and also can be hidden caused of infertility. Vaginismus can be categorized as primary (lifelong), patient has never experiences non painful intercourse or secondary (acquired), patient has previously normal but now experience pain. Vaginismus should be considered as part of differential diagnosis in patient who has no satisfaction in sexual intercourse or do not tolerate penetration. Diagnosis is made by making a good history taking. A variety of intervention have been suggested in some case report study. Effective treatment to vaginismus include sex education, psychosexual therapy, systematic desensitization, anxiolytic and Botulinum Toxin (botox). While there are few controlled studies on the management of vaginismus, they are limited and poorly designed. Summary: Goal of treatment is not only to achieve pregnancy but also increase quality of life. Either natural or assisted, vaginismus is still have to be cured. A great teamwork is required to successfull therapy.

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The Pathophysiology and Etiology of Vaginismus

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Management and Outcome of Primary Vaginismus

Management and Outcome of Primary Vaginismus

Different Treatment Modalities for Refractory Vaginismus in Western Saudi Arabia

Vaginismus and Infertility

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