The pathophysiology and medical management of canine osteoarthritis : continuing education

Vaughan-Scott, T.; Taylor, Jennifer

doi:10.4102/jsava.v68i1.861

Cited by 28 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Pain associated with inflammation appears to be the most serious sign of OA [3,[11][12][13][14][15][16]30]. As stated in the introduction, pathophysiology of OA is very complex due to involvement of multiple factors [18,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Among all these factors, oxidative stress (due to excess generation of free radicals) and inflammation are proven to be the major contributing factors in joint damage and pain [67][68][69][70][71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cells in damaged joints release cytokines (IL-1β and IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), followed by stimulation of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-13), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), phospholipase 2A, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and platelet activating factor (PAF). These cascading events and many others cause inflammation, subchondral bone thickening, breakdown of proteoglycans and destruction of cartilage [19,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Terminalia chebula Extract for Anti-Arthritic Efficacy and Safety in Osteoarthritic Dogs

Murdock¹,

Vega³

et al. 2015

J Veterinar Sci Technol

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The present investigation was undertaken to assess anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic efficacy and safety of T. chebula extract (TCE) in moderately osteoarthritic (OA) dogs. Dogs with OA received either 500 mg placebo or 500 mg TCE twice daily for 150 days. On a monthly basis, dogs were given a full physical exam and were evaluated for arthritic pain (overall pain, pain upon limb manipulation, and pain after physical exertion), inflammation (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR), and analysis of complete blood count (CBC) and serum biomarkers of liver (bilirubin, ALT, and AST), kidney (BUN and creatinine), and heart and skeletal muscle (CK) functions. Elbow and stifle joints were radiographed on day 0 and day 150 for evaluation of arthritic progression. Dogs given TCE showed significant (P<0.01) reductions in overall pain, pain upon limb manipulation, and pain after physical exertion by day 90, with maximum effects on day 150 (81.2%, 81.5%, and 84.2%, respectively). A marked reduction in ESR coincided with pain reduction in TCE-treated dogs, which was indicative of anti-inflammatory effect of TCE. Radiographic evidence also indicated slowed progression of OA in joints examined. No significant change occurred in physical parameters, CBC parameters, or serum biomarkers in dogs on placebo or treatment, which suggested that TCE was well tolerated. It can be concluded that TCE, by having many active principles (chebulagic acid, chebulinic acid, corilagin, hydrolysable tannoids, etc.) might have provided antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects in dogs without causing any side effects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Terminalia chebula Extract for Anti-Arthritic Efficacy and Safety in Osteoarthritic Dogs

Murdock¹,

Vega³

et al. 2015

J Veterinar Sci Technol

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“…According to Bennett & May (1997) and Vaughan-Scott & Taylor (1997), the unavoidable DJD progression can be mostly attributed to the enzymatic degradation of the articular cartilage.…”

Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthroscopic Follow-Up After Rupture of the Cranial Cruciateligament

Rezende¹,

Borges²

2012

A Bird's-Eye View of Veterinary Medicine

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“…Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate stand out among the substances with chondroprotective properties, (Vaughan-Scott and Taylor, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine in the cartilage and subchondral bone repair of dogs - Histological findings

Eleotério

Pontes²,

Machado³

et al. 2015

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Chondroitin and glucosamine sulfate nutraceuticals are commonly used in the management of degenerative articular disease in veterinary routine. However, there are controversies on the contribution of these substances to articular cartilage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a chondroitin and glucosamine sulfate-based veterinary nutraceutical on the repair of an induced osteochondral defect in a dog femoral condyle, by macroscopic, histological and histomorphometric analyses. The nutraceutical was orally administered the day following injury induction, every 24 hours (treated group, TG, n=24), compared with animals that did not receive the product (control group, CG, n=24). Six animals per group were anaesthetized for sample collection at 15, 30, 60 and 90 days after surgery. At 15 days, defects were macroscopically filled with red-pinkish tissue. After 30 days, whitish color tissue was observed, both in TG and CG animals, with firmer consistency to touch at 60 and 90 postoperative days. Histological analysis demonstrated that, in both groups, there was initial blood clot formation, which was subsequently substituted by a fibrin net, with capillary proliferation from the adjacent bone marrow and infiltration of mesenchymal cells in clot periphery. As cellular differentiation developed, repair tissue presented a fibrocartilage aspect most of the time, and new subchondral bone formation occurred in the deepest area corresponding to the defect. Histomorphometry suggested that the nutraceutical did not favor the articular cartilage repair process. It was concluded that nutraceutical did not significantly influence chondrocytes proliferation or hyaline architecture restoration.Keywords: degenerative articular disease, osteoarthritis, arthrosis, chondroprotective, cartilage RESUMO Os nutracêuticos compostos de sulfato de condroitina e glucosamina são comumente utilizados no manejo da doença articular degenerativa na rotina veterinária. Entretanto, existem controvérsias sobre a contribuição dessas substâncias à cartilagem articular. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia de um nutracêutico veterinário à base de sulfato de condroitina e glucosamina na reparação de defeitos osteocondrais induzidos no côndilo femoral de cães, através de análises macroscópica, histológica e histomorfométrica. O nutracêutico foi administrado no dia seguinte à indução da lesão, pela via oral, a cada 24 horas (grupo tratado -GT, 24 animais), sendo comparado a animais que não receberam o produto (grupo controle -GC, de igual número de animais

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The pathophysiology and medical management of canine osteoarthritis : continuing education

Cited by 28 publications

References 17 publications

Evaluation of Terminalia chebula Extract for Anti-Arthritic Efficacy and Safety in Osteoarthritic Dogs

Evaluation of Terminalia chebula Extract for Anti-Arthritic Efficacy and Safety in Osteoarthritic Dogs

Arthroscopic Follow-Up After Rupture of the Cranial Cruciateligament

Chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine in the cartilage and subchondral bone repair of dogs - Histological findings

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