The Perception of Speech Under Adverse Conditions: Contributions of Spectro-Temporal Peaks, Periodicity, and Interaural Timing to Perceptual Robustness

Faulkner, Andrew; Rosen, S

doi:10.4324/9780203933107-20

Listening to Speech 2012

DOI: 10.4324/9780203933107-20

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The Perception of Speech Under Adverse Conditions: Contributions of Spectro-Temporal Peaks, Periodicity, and Interaural Timing to Perceptual Robustness

Andrew Faulkner¹,

S Rosen²

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“…Hearing‐impaired children with reduced auditory thresholds across these frequencies may not be able to detect all information required for speech perception. In particular, higher frequencies (above 2000Hz) are mostly affected by permanent childhood hearing impairment (PCHI) 4 . In English, many consonant sounds (such as ‘s’, ‘t’, ‘sh’) are in this high‐frequency range.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrative skills following early confirmation of permanent childhood hearing impairment

Worsfold

Mahon

Yuen

et al. 2010

Develop Med Child Neuro

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PCHI Permanent childhood hearing impairment UNHS Universal newborn hearing screening AIM The aim of this study was to compare spoken language production in children with permanent childhood hearing impairment (PCHI) whose PCHI was confirmed either early or late.METHOD Audio-taped spoken narrative was assessed for syntax, phonology, morphology, and narrative in transcripts from a population-based sample of 89 children (49 males, 40 females; age mean age 7y 7mo, SD1y 1mo, range 6y 6mo-10y 9mo) with bilateral PCHI ( ‡40dB hearing loss) and a comparison group of 63 children (37 males, 26 females; mean age 8y 1mo; SD 1y) with normal hearing. Of the 89 children with PCHI, 41 (21 males, 20 females) had their hearing impairment confirmed by the age of 9 months. All children with PCHI were tested with hearing aids in place, including 16 with cochlear implants. The group of children whose PCHI had been confirmed by age 9 months was compared with the group with later confirmation of PCHI using regression models on the outcome measures.RESULTS Compared with those with late-confirmed PCHI, children with early-confirmed PCHI used significantly more sentences (mean difference 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-5.24; p=0.019) and categories of high-pitched morphological markers (mean difference 6.64; 95% CI 1. 96-11.31; p=0.006). The number of categories of low-pitched morphological markers, phonological simplifications, and sentences with multiple clauses did not differ between groups. The odds ratios (95% CI) of superior narrative structure and narrative content in children whose PCHI was confirmed early were 3.03 (1.09-8.46; p=0.034) and 4.43 (1.52-12.89; p=0.006) respectively.INTERPRETATION Early confirmation compared with late confirmation of PCHI was associated with benefit to narrative skills and to certain expressive aspects of syntax and morphology, but not expressive phonology.Spoken language is a socially agreed code of auditory symbols that is governed by various systems of rules. Simply put, these systems are the phonological system, which describes the rules governing speech sounds (phonemes); the morphological system, in which the combination of meaningful speech sounds (morphemes) into words is described; and the syntactic system, which describes rules for combining words into sentences. As children acquire language, their skill in using these systems develops and becomes more complex. For example, in the expanding syntactic system, single words are used first, and are then combined into clauses and sentences, which can then later be linked to form narratives. 1 Typically developing children acquire these language skills progressively during the preschool period, and by the age of 5 years are using many adult-like forms. More sophisticated constructions, such as use of complex sentences and connectors (e.g. 'however', 'actually'), continue to develop during childhood. 2 Typically developing children acquire language within a social context through exposure to spoken language. 3 To begin this process, they mu...

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Narrative skills following early confirmation of permanent childhood hearing impairment

Worsfold

Mahon

Yuen

et al. 2010

Develop Med Child Neuro

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The Perception of Speech Under Adverse Conditions: Contributions of Spectro-Temporal Peaks, Periodicity, and Interaural Timing to Perceptual Robustness

Cited by 1 publication

References 0 publications

Narrative skills following early confirmation of permanent childhood hearing impairment

Narrative skills following early confirmation of permanent childhood hearing impairment

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