The Perception of the Body Condition of Cats and Dogs by French Pet Owners and the Factors Influencing Underestimation

Abstract

Managing pet obesity relies heavily on the active involvement of owners; however, a key challenge arises from misperceptions about their own pet’s body condition. Given evolving societal dynamics like the body positivity movement, understanding owners’ perceptions is increasingly pivotal. To evaluate the differences in owners’ perception, this study compared the use of verbal and visual body condition score scales versus the established nine-point body condition score system. The factors linked to underestimation were further specifically investigated. Owners of healthy adult dogs and cats attending vaccination consultations in Veterinary Hospitals in France between 2020 and 2022 were recruited. They were required to assess their pets’ body condition initially using an oral description and then with the nine-point BCS visual scale. Their assessments were then compared with the BCS determined by veterinary health care personnel, considered the primary investigator. A total of 304 dogs and 270 cats were included in the study. It was observed that 27% of dog owners and 24% of cat owners underestimated their pets’ body condition. Among dog and cat owners, factors associated with the underestimation of body condition were the pets’ overweight status and having children. This discovery emphasizes the need for a holistic One Health approach that prioritizes the health and well-being of both humans and their pets. When it comes to pet owners evaluating their pets’ body condition, underestimation proved to be the predominant misperception. Addressing this issue requires comprehensive education to empower owners to recognize and comprehend their pets’ overweight status, a critical step for the overall well-being of companion animals.

Advances in Drug Treatments for Companion Animal Obesity

“…However, the single most important factor contributing to pet obesity is the owners' underestimation of their pets' body condition and misconception of what an animal at a healthy weight looks like [2]. Additionally, there is a clear association between owners' overweight/obesity and the weight status of their pets, emphasizing the interplay between human and animal health [9,11,12]. This bidirectional impact of obesity in both human and animal health reinforces the One Health concept, which emphasizes the interdependence of the health of humans, animals and the environment and advocates for therapeutic strategies that consider the diverse factors influencing this epidemic.…”

“…Current treatment of companion animal obesity involves a multifaceted approach with dietary management and behavioral modifications [4,15,16]. This includes a controlled calorie intake through balanced diets, and encouraging physical activity [12,17,18], underscoring the necessity of collaborative efforts between veterinarians and pet owners associated with comprehensive strategies to address the complexities of companion animal obesity. However, the alarming rates of obesity worldwide make it clear that present strategies have not been effective.…”