Common methods to collect data on women's labour force participation frequently result in under-reporting and under-recording of their work. Based on fieldwork in Malaysia's Penang state, this article presents some of the difficulties associated with recording women's informal work. It contributes to theorization on the under-reporting of women's remunerative activities in official surveys by arguing that while women's work is often devalued, under-reporting may also be the result of women making strategic and pragmatic choices. By reporting themselves as "housewives", for example, they may avoid questioning their society's gendered norms while securing their own interests in work outside the home.under-reported by the women themselves. Previous studies have indeed abundantly emphasized how cultural norms shape the perception that women's work is less important or less appropriate to report (Anker, 1983; Bardasi et al., 2010;Benería, 1999;Mata Greenwood, 1999). The objective here is not to argue with such findings, but rather to propose that although such "devaluation" of work is important, under-reporting may also result from women's deliberate choice not to report their remunerative activities for what we have called "pragmatic reasons", i.e. reasons motivated by practical or realistic objectives, such as avoiding the loss of benefits (Franck, 2012). In order to examine the (overt and covert) reasons why women refrain from reporting their labour, we propose an approach that focuses on women's agency.The field work for this study was conducted in Malaysia, where female labour force participation increased dramatically during the 1970s and 1990s but stagnated or even declined thereafter. By 2008, women's participation rate was 45.7 per cent -the lowest in the Association