The perceptual properties of electrocutaneous stimulation: Sensory quality, subjective intensity, and intensity-duration relation

Tashiro, Takara; Higashiyama, Atsuki

doi:10.3758/bf03202013

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Therefore, they vary largely over the literature [82,84], from buzzing to sharp pain. Variations in perceived sensations with electrotactile stimuli are related to stimulus intensity, electrode characteristics, preparation of the skin, and the use of cathodic or anodic stimulation [81,[85][86]. It was shown that sensations perceived by amputees do not differ from the sensations of nondisabled subjects for percutaneous stimulation [87].…”

Section: Feedback Requirement 3: Interpretability and Intuitivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For electrotactile stimulation, this is mainly due to the relationship between stimulus duration and stimulus intensity [80][81], and for vibrotactile stimulation, this depends on the position of stimulation [82]. The perceived stimulus intensity is influenced by the intensity, the duration and number of bursts of stimulation, the housing of the stimulator, the characteristics of the preceding stimulus, and the number of simultaneous stimuli [83].…”

Section: Feedback Requirement 3: Interpretability and Intuitivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myoelectric forearm prostheses: State of the art from a user-centered perspective

Peerdeman

Boere²,

Witteveen³

et al. 2011

JRRD

413

306

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Abstract-User acceptance of myoelectric forearm prostheses is currently low. Awkward control, lack of feedback, and difficult training are cited as primary reasons. Recently, researchers have focused on exploiting the new possibilities offered by advancements in prosthetic technology. Alternatively, researchers could focus on prosthesis acceptance by developing functional requirements based on activities users are likely to perform. In this article, we describe the process of determining such requirements and then the application of these requirements to evaluating the state of the art in myoelectric forearm prosthesis research. As part of a needs assessment, a workshop was organized involving clinicians (representing end users), academics, and engineers. The resulting needs included an increased number of functions, lower reaction and execution times, and intuitiveness of both control and feedback systems. Reviewing the state of the art of research in the main prosthetic subsystems (electromyographic [EMG] sensing, control, and feedback) showed that modern research prototypes only partly fulfill the requirements. We found that focus should be on validating EMG-sensing results with patients, improving simultaneous control of wrist movements and grasps, deriving optimal parameters for force and position feedback, and taking into account the psychophysical aspects of feedback, such as intensity perception and spatial acuity.

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Section: Feedback Requirement 3: Interpretability and Intuitivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Feedback Requirement 3: Interpretability and Intuitivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myoelectric forearm prostheses: State of the art from a user-centered perspective

Peerdeman

Boere²,

Witteveen³

et al. 2011

JRRD

413

306

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The apparatus was the same as that used in Tashiro and Higashiyama (1981). A constant-current stimulator was used: a dc power supply (Kikusui Electronics Model PAF), operated at 400 V, was connected to resistors ranging from .5 to 67 MQ, accurate to within 1010.…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal and spatial integration for electrocutaneous stimulation

Higashiyama

Tashiro

1983

Perception & Psychophysics

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Three experiments investigated the properties of temporal and spatial integration for electrocutaneous stimulation at absolute threshold level. The duration of pulses delivered to the skin were varied from .1 to 100 msec, and the spatial distribution of stimulation was varied by controlling separation, width, and length of electrodes. For temporal integration, the threshold currents were fitted by the equation (1-1 0 ) , t n = c, indicating that partial integration took place below the critical duration of 1 msec and that the integration index remained constant (n = .43) independent of the spatial distribution of stimulation. For spatial integration, the separation of electrodes was found to be the most effective determiner of threshold current. Furthermore, when the equation (1-1 0 ) • Am = k was fitted to the spatial integration data, the value m resulted in 1.33 with a critical separation of 8 rom, which was constant for any pulse duration.properties of temporal integration, therefore, it was necessary to confirm the previous findings by using different types of electrodes.In the studies of vision, touch, and hearing, the equationThe present study deals with temporal and spatial integration for electrocutaneous stimulation at absolute threshold level. Babkoff, Brandeis, and Bergman (1975), Hahn (1958), Rollman (1969, 1975), and Uttal (1958 showed how threshold varies with pulse duration and obtained the psychophysical .hyperbolic function:

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“…Previous studies on electrical stimulation have reported diverse slopes of the power functions fitted to magnitude estimates: Bujas, Szabo, Kovacic, and Rohacek (1975) S. S. Stevens (1960), and S. S. Stevens, Carton, and Shickman (1958) obtained high slopes of 3.5 or more; Babkoff (1976Babkoff ( , 1978 and Tashiro and Higashiyama (1981) obtained low slopes of.9 to 1.2; Cross, Tursky, and Lodge (1975), Rollman and Harris (1987), and Sachs, Miller, and Grant (1980) obtained moderate slopes of 1.7 to 2.5. Moreover, Rollman and Harris (1987) noted considerable individual differences in the slope of the power function for electrical shock.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnitude estimates for electrical pulses: Evidence for two neural mechanisms

Higashiyama

Tashiro

1989

Perception & Psychophysics

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The hypothesis that there are two neural mechanisms for electrocutaneous stimulation-one that is sensitive to low current and is adaptive to repeated stimulation and another that is responsive to high current and is less adaptive-was tested in a control and four main experiments. In the main experiments, magnitude estimates obtained for single electrical pulses (of 2-msec duration) were described by a simple power function for each combination of high-and low-current levels and 10 trial blocks. The results were: (1) The slope of the power function for low current was steeper than was that for high current; (2) for low current, the intercept of the power function decreased with increasing block, whereas for high current, it remained constant over blocks; (3) this decrease of the intercept for low current disappeared when judgmental blocks were separated by a rest period of 8 min; (4) the modulus did not affect the slope; (5) for a large modulus combined with low current, the intercept decreased rapidly over trial blocks, whereas for a small modulus combined with high current, the intercept increased over trial blocks. The fIrst four fIndings support the two-mechanism hypothesis, but the last one may also be interpretable in terms of the regression to absolute scale values.Higashiyama and Tashiro (1987) obtained free-modulus magnitude estimates for single electrical pulses as a function of stimulus current, with the parameters of trial block and current level. For the high-current level, which produced pain responses, the magnitude estimates remained constant independently of block, whereas for the low-current level, which yielded tactile sensations, they decreased as a function of block. In addition, the exponents of power functions fItted to the magnitude estimates were smaller for the high-current level (2.02) than were those for the low-current level (4.06). These fIndings have led them to suggest that there are two neural mechanisms with different adaptation processes: One is sensitive to low current and is very adaptive to repeated stimulation, and another is responsive to high current and is less adaptive.However, these outcomes also could be explained in terms of a natural absolute scale. Zwislocki and Goodman (1980) argued that subjects tend to use absolute judgments rather than ratio judgments when making magnitude estimations or productions of sensation. In usual ratio scales, the unit of measurement is arbitrary and can be changed by multiplying all scale values by a constant. In absolute scales, on the other hand, the unit is not arbitrary

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The perceptual properties of electrocutaneous stimulation: Sensory quality, subjective intensity, and intensity-duration relation

Cited by 42 publications

References 38 publications

Myoelectric forearm prostheses: State of the art from a user-centered perspective

Myoelectric forearm prostheses: State of the art from a user-centered perspective

Temporal and spatial integration for electrocutaneous stimulation

Magnitude estimates for electrical pulses: Evidence for two neural mechanisms

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