The percolation theory in studying the morphology of polymer networks formed by photopolymerization of dental dimethacrylates

Krasowska, Monika; Barszczewska-Rybarek, Izabela

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2016.01.026

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This result can be explained by the greater dimensions of the TM molecule. Smaller TEGDMA molecules have a greater ability to fill free space and, therefore, to form a polymer network of greater homogeneity [9][10][11]. In conclusion, HM:T, HM:DM:T and HM:DM:TM all have a better suitability for potential use in dental applications than HM:TM does, when assessed by their DC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The explanation for this result, in addition to the MEBDI aromatic character and high DC, can be attributed to the influence of the presence of the urethane groups. The literature provides evidence of a positive effect of hydrogen bondings on mechanical properties, particularly those formed by the urethane group [10,11,20]. A comparative analysis of Bis-G:T and Bis-G:U:T showed that the copolymer containing UDMA had a higher modulus and mechanical strength than those which did not have UDMA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TEGDMA causes a viscosity reduction, which allows for a higher filler loading and excellent cavity filling during application [8]. TEGDMA also positively affects the polymer structure of the composite matrix by increasing the DC and morphological homogeneity, resulting from the microgels' formation and their agglomeration [9][10][11]. Conversely, TEGDMA is responsible for a decrease in the mechanical strength [12], along with an increase in polymerization shrinkage [4] and water sorption [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the presence of urethane groups, the UDMA molecule is more flexible than that of Bis-GMA. It also has a higher degree of conversion [19] and morphological homogeneity [9][10][11][12], lower residual monomer content [13] and better mechanical properties [11] of the resulting polymer network. Strong hydrogen bonds, formed by the urethane proton donor group, cause a further increase in the mechanical properties of the composite [11,20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Urethane-Dimethacrylate Monomers and Compositions for Use as Matrices in Dental Restorative Materials

Barszczewska-Rybarek

Chrószcz-Porębska

Chladek

2020

IJMS

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In this study, novel urethane-dimethacrylate monomers were synthesized from 1,3-bis(1-isocyanato-1-methylethyl)benzene (MEBDI) and oligoethylene glycols monomethacrylates, containing one to three oxyethylene groups. They can potentially be utilized as matrices in dental restorative materials. The obtained monomers were used to prepare four new formulations. Two of them were solely composed of the MEBDI-based monomers. In a second pair, a monomer based on triethylene glycol monomethacrylate, used in 20 wt.%, was replaced with triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), a reactive diluent typically used in dental materials. For comparison purposes, two formulations, using typical dental dimethacrylates (bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (Bis-GMA), urethane-dimethacrylate (UDMA) and TEGDMA) were prepared. The monomers and mixtures were tested for the viscosity and density. The homopolymers and copolymers, obtained via photopolymerization, were tested for the degree of conversion, polymerization shrinkage, water sorption and solubility, hardness, flexural strength and modulus. The newly developed formulations achieved promising physico-chemical and mechanical characteristics so as to be suitable for applications as dental composite matrices. A combination of the MEBDI-based urethane-dimethacrylates with TEGDMA resulted in copolymers with a high degree of conversion, low polymerization shrinkage, low water sorption and water solubility, and good mechanical properties. These parameters showed an improvement in relation to currently used dental formulations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Urethane-Dimethacrylate Monomers and Compositions for Use as Matrices in Dental Restorative Materials

Barszczewska-Rybarek

Chrószcz-Porębska

Chladek

2020

IJMS

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“…The classical Flory–Stockmayer theory assuming the ideal network formation has been proposed to discuss the experimental results of the radicalic polymerization based on the two assumptions; independent bonds and absence of the bonding loops . The percolation theory based on the connective properties of the system proposed for the description of gelation process does not exclude the formation of closed loops …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable elasticity and thermodynamic parameters of hydroxypropyl methacrylate‐based gels with varying extents of monomer concentration: Statistical mechanics treatments of physical observations

Orakdöğen

Sanay

2017

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The present article reports the scaling laws relating the preparation conditions with the equilibrium swelling degree and the crosslinking density of a new family of hydroxyl functional hydrogels (Hgs) prepared by free radical crosslinking polymerization of hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) in aqueous solution with tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) as crosslinker. For comparison of physical properties, chemical and mechanical stability, HPMA cryogels (Cgs) were also prepared using the cryotropic gelation technique by conducting the gelation reactions at subzero temperatures. The measurements of the equilibrium swelling degree and the elastic properties of poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (PHPMA) gel samples having different initial monomer concentration were treated according to the scaling theory to explain the rubbery behavior of the resulting Hgs. The obtained scaling relation between the reduced modulus and the swelling degree Gr≈(Veq)−1.48 indicated limiting chain extensibility which is neglected in the Flory–Rehner theory. The effective crosslink density and polymer–solvent interaction parameter of PHPMA Hgs were used to interpret the observed deviation. Results showed that the properties of PHPMA Hgs and Cgs can be controlled by varying the HPMA and TEGDMA content. Increase of total monomer concentrations causes a pronounced decrease in the equilibrium swelling degree, and an increase in the elastic response of PHPMA Hgs and Cgs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45889.

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Effect of Crystallinity and Morphology on Impact Properties

Wypych¹

2022

Handbook of Impact Modifiers

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The percolation theory in studying the morphology of polymer networks formed by photopolymerization of dental dimethacrylates

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Novel Urethane-Dimethacrylate Monomers and Compositions for Use as Matrices in Dental Restorative Materials

Novel Urethane-Dimethacrylate Monomers and Compositions for Use as Matrices in Dental Restorative Materials

Tunable elasticity and thermodynamic parameters of hydroxypropyl methacrylate‐based gels with varying extents of monomer concentration: Statistical mechanics treatments of physical observations

Effect of Crystallinity and Morphology on Impact Properties

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