“…Nonetheless, although many asset managers are aware of the benefits of including some listed real estate in their direct real estate portfolios, Moss and Farrelly (2014) Ling and Naranjo (1999) examined whether the direct real estate and REIT markets in the US were integrated with the common equity market, but only REIT markets were found to be integrated. However, other studies have found evidence of integration between direct and listed real estate (for example, Wang et al, 1997;Tuluca et al, 2000;Morawski et al, 2008;Oikarinen et al, 2011).…”