The performance of a silica-based mixed gel electrolyte in lead acid batteries

Pan, Ke; Shi, Guang; Li, Aiju; Li, He; Zhao, Ruirui; Wang, FuQian; Zhang, Wenqing; Chen, Qian; Chen, Hongyu; Xiong, Zhenglin; Finlow, David

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.02.101

Cited by 35 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…They found that the optimal mechanical mixing time and the operational temperature were the key factors in preparing GEs with high capacity and low internal resistance. Pan et al [111] mixed colloidal silica and fumed silica in a certain ratio to prepare hybrid gel. This hybrid gel showed a longer time for gelation and a better cross-linking structure in physical nature.…”

Section: Fumed Silica-and Siloxane-based Gesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety regulation of gel electrolytes in electrochemical energy storage devices

2019

Sci. China Mater.

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Electrochemical energy storage devices, such as lithium ion batteries (LIBs), supercapacitors and fuel cells, have been vigorously developed and widely researched in past decades. However, their safety issues have appealed immense attention. Gel electrolytes (GEs), with a special state in-between liquid and solid electrolytes, are considered as the most promising candidates in electrochemical energy storage because of their high safety and stability. This review summarized the recent progresses made in the application of GEs in the safety regulation of the electrochemical energy storage devices. Special attention was paid to the gel polymer electrolytes, the organic low molecule-mass GEs, as well as the fumed silica-based and siloxane-based GEs. Finally, the current challenges and future directions were proposed in terms of the development of GEs.

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Section: Fumed Silica-and Siloxane-based Gesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety regulation of gel electrolytes in electrochemical energy storage devices

2019

Sci. China Mater.

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“…Sealed lead-acid batteries using gelled electrolytes have been studied for many decades. [1][2][3][4][5] A number of problems have been resolved with the goal of more than just technological improvement, such as mixing silica sols with sulfuric acid, fix the gel in the adsorptive glass mat or preparing polymer electrolyte hydrogels, [6][7][8][9][10] but the quality of battery needs to be also improved. [11,12] Changes in the morphological and chemical structures of the negative and positive electrodes during chargedischarge have a large effect on battery capacity and life, [1,5] especially the ratio between the two polymorphs α-and β-PbO2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical study on the structure of PbO₂ in mixed gel electrolytes during cycling by cyclic voltammetry

Binh,

Van Anh,

Thuy

et al. 2021

Vietnam Journal of Chemistry

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Pb/PbO2 electrodes are made by anodizing method from H2SO4 solution (1.26 g/cm3). The mixed gel electrolyte was prepared by mixing H2SO4 (1.37 g/cm3) with liquid glass (LG) in the presence of polyacrylamide (PAM), propylene glycol (PPG), and nano fumed silica (NFS). After finishing 150 cycles by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in different electrolytes at a scan rate of 100 mV/s, the structure of PbO2, including morphology and the content of elements, were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS), respectively, as well as by CV diagrams. There was found a huge difference in both the grain size and surface structure of PbO2 electrodes. Among them, the morphology of PbO2 electrode after cycling in mixed gel electrolyte using PAM with NFS is similar to that obtaining from H2SO4 solution (1.26 g/cm3). The appearance of α‐ and β‐PbO2 forms depends on the combination of gelling agents. The existence of α‐PbO2 form was found only by using separate PAM or PAM with PPG leading to small discharge densities, while both α‐ and β‐PbO2 forms were clearly observed by combining PAM with NFS. The height of redox peak in this case is approximately the same as that in sulfuric acid solution.

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“…Airtight lead acid batteries are important in the field of renewable energy production, in which the improvement of gelled electrolyte has always been interested in research by scientists. The gelled electrolyte is made in many different ways such as changing the ratio of input materials, [1][2][3] adding organic and inorganic additives, [4][5][6] as well as changing its application method to the battery. [7] However, the simultaneous mixing of input materials (sulfuric acid and liquid glass or/with fumed silica) has not been considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical properties of antimony lead electrode in gelled electrolyte prepared by liquid glass and sulfuric acid using polyacrylamide together with polyaniline

Binh

Anh

Thuy

et al. 2019

Vietnam Journal of Chemistry

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Gelled electrolyte is made at different temperatures based on liquid glass and sulfuric acid using two organic additives such as polyacrylamide and polyaniline. The antimony lead electrode is used to study the electrochemical properties of gelled electrolyte through cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance and ionic conductivity determination. The results showed that the gelled electrolyte made at low temperature is in a more favorable form of gel than that at high temperature, the ability to extract water was also overcome. The resistance of charge transfer of lead electrodes operating in an gelled electrolyte environment is all lower than that in sulfuric acid (d = 1.26 g /cm 3 ), in which the presence of PANi together with PAM is recorded as the smallest. When the lead electrode was anodized, the simultaneous formation of PbO with PbSO4 did not appear due to the presence of PANi.

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The performance of a silica-based mixed gel electrolyte in lead acid batteries

Cited by 35 publications

References 19 publications

Safety regulation of gel electrolytes in electrochemical energy storage devices

Safety regulation of gel electrolytes in electrochemical energy storage devices

Electrochemical study on the structure of PbO₂ in mixed gel electrolytes during cycling by cyclic voltammetry

Electrochemical properties of antimony lead electrode in gelled electrolyte prepared by liquid glass and sulfuric acid using polyacrylamide together with polyaniline

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The performance of a silica-based mixed gel electrolyte in lead acid batteries

Cited by 35 publications

References 19 publications

Safety regulation of gel electrolytes in electrochemical energy storage devices

Safety regulation of gel electrolytes in electrochemical energy storage devices

Electrochemical study on the structure of PbO2 in mixed gel electrolytes during cycling by cyclic voltammetry

Electrochemical properties of antimony lead electrode in gelled electrolyte prepared by liquid glass and sulfuric acid using polyacrylamide together with polyaniline

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Electrochemical study on the structure of PbO₂ in mixed gel electrolytes during cycling by cyclic voltammetry