“…Numerous studies have revealed the shortcomings of charter schools in their effort to raise student achievement (Bettinger, 1999(Bettinger, , 2005Braun, Jenkins, & Grigg, 2006;CREDO, 2009;Hanushek, Kain, Rivkin, & Branch, 2007;Lin, Gardner, & Vogt, 2005;Lubienski & Lubienski, 2007;Zimmer, Blanc, Gill, & Christman, 2008;Zimmer et al, 2009). Conversely, numerous studies have also revealed charter school success in raising student achievement (Hoxby, Murarka, & Kang, 2009;Ross, McDonald, & Gallagher, 2005;Witte, Weimer, Schlomer, & Shober, 2004;Wolfram, 2008).…”