The performance of forward osmosis process in treating the surfactant wastewater: The rejection of surfactant, water flux and physical cleaning effectiveness

Effect of Surfactant Properties on the Performance of Forward Osmosis Membrane Process

“…In the case of the pristine membrane, an increase of crossflow velocity significantly promoted the diffusion of water molecules crossing the membrane surface ( Figure 2). These results were similar to previous publications (Zhao et al, 2015;Nguyen et al, 2015). On the other hand, the reverse salt selectivity flux significantly increased when the cross-flow velocity of the FO process was adjusted from 0.5 to 10.5 cm/s and surfactant was added to the feed solution.…”

“…Yang and his colleagues (Yang et al, 2005) reported that the relative flux of anionic surfactant decreased gradually in the cross-flow velocity of ultrafiltration (UF), and the adsorption and accumulation of surfactant molecules at the membrane surface induced greater diffusion of water molecules due to the membrane surface, becoming less hydrophobic with a negatively charged anionic surfactant (Kaya et al, 2006). In the case of non-ionic surfactant ultrafiltration, interaction with both negatively charged and neutral surfaces results in the adsorption that affects the membrane properties; however, the basic function of diffusion in water molecules occurs due to the interactions of hydrophobic or hydrophilic activity on neutral surfaces (Yang et al, 2005;Zhao et al, 2015;Kertész et al, 2008). Adsorption and the accumulation of surfactant on the membrane surface reduce the performance of separation (Childress and Deshmukh, 1998), while the physio-chemical properties such as the pH of the feed solution, cross-flow velocity and increase of the surfactant concentration are the main factors that affect flux decline of ultrafiltration (Paria and Khilar, 2004;Devia et al, 2015;Shibuya et al, 2015).…”

Investigation of high-intensity magnetic hydrogels in the application of membrane physical cleaning

“…Physical cleaning was identified as one of the effective method which has been widely used for low pressure microfiltration membrane (e.g. hollow fiber membrane) in practical engineering [13,14]. Wang et al [15] established a backwashing model and combined membrane backwashing with membrane module optimization to satisfy the needs of practical applications.…”

Feasibility and Practicability of Magnetophoretic‐Augmented Composite Membrane in Treating Polluted River Water: Real Case Application

“…A number of cleaning methods (e.g., physical/chemical cleaning methods) have been included in the current membrane filtration plants to minimize membrane fouling and to maintain high performance of membrane . Both physical and chemical cleaning techniques were found effective in cleaning the membranes and restoring to almost the original flux.…”