The Performance of the Revised Major Depression Inventory for Self-Reported Severity of Depression - Implications for the DSM-5 and ICD-11

Bech, Per; Christensen, Ellen Margrethe; Vinberg, Maj; Østergaard, Søren Dinesen; Martiny, Klaus; Kessing, Lars Vedel

doi:10.1159/000346456

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The misfit of items 9 and 10 in our sample was also shown by Christensen and colleagues, in a primary care material, which were suggested to be due to non‐specificity of these items (overlap with somatic symptoms, anxiety, and medication). Homogeneity coefficients in our study agreed well with those reported previously (Bech et al., 2013; Olsen et al., 2003). The MDI algorithms in the present study showed sensitivities of 56%–67% and specificities above 95%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

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The Major Depression Inventory for diagnosing according to DSM‐5 and ICD‐11: Psychometric properties and validity in a Swedish general population

Lundin

Möller

Forsell

2023

Int J Methods Psych Res

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ObjectivesThe Major Depression Inventory (MDI) was constructed to assess DSM‐IV and ICD‐10 depression symptoms, and does not fully cover the symptoms listed in DSM‐5 and ICD‐11. This study aimed to augment the MDI to the new diagnostic standards by adding a new item, and to assess and compare the measurement performance of the MDI items and diagnostic algorithms for major depression according to DSM‐IV, ICD‐10, DSM‐5 and ICD‐11.MethodsSurveys collected 2001–2003 and 2021, including self‐assessed MDI were used. A new hopelessness item was constructed and analyzed alongside the hopelessness item in the Symptom Checklist. The performance of items was compared using Rasch and Mokken analyses. Criterion validity was examined using equivalent diagnoses from psychiatric interview (Schedules for Clinical Assessments in Neuropsychiatry [SCAN]) as standard.ResultsMDI information was provided by 8511 individuals in 2001–2003 (SCAN subsample n = 878), and 8863 in 2021. All items, including hopelessness had good psychometric properties. Sensitivity ranged between 56% and 70%, and specificity between 95% and 96%, indicating similar criterion validity.ConclusionsHopelessness and the MDI items had good psychometrics. MDI for DSM‐5 and ICD‐11 had similar validity as for DSM‐IV and ICD‐10. We recommend that MDI is updated to DSM‐5 and ICD‐11 by adding a hopelessness item.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Since MDI could also be scored as a rating scale such a revision would have consequences beyond the diagnostic algorithms (increasing the range of scores). The MDI has previously undergone revisions to be able to measure atypical depression, why an additional item would not seem implausible (Bech, et al., 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Major Depression Inventory for diagnosing according to DSM‐5 and ICD‐11: Psychometric properties and validity in a Swedish general population

Lundin

Möller

Forsell

2023

Int J Methods Psych Res

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“…The PROLED protocol includes validated surveys that assess both general and specific psychopathologic aspects of AN. For this study, the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) [ 20 ], Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) [ 21 ], Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) [ 22 ], and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist (SCL-92) [ 23 ] were completed by each enrolled patient. Primary and comorbid diagnoses were all validated by a second, independent physician using the ICD-10 checklist [ 24 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anorexia Nervosa: Reduction in Depression during Inpatient Treatment Is Closely Related to Reduction in Eating Disorder Psychopathology

Sjögren

Støving

2022

JPM

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Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe mental disorder frequently associated with high scores of depressiveness. We examined the short-term effects of inpatient treatment on depressiveness and eating disorder (ED) psychopathology using the self-rating Major Depression Inventory (MDI) and Eating Disorder Examination questionnaire (EDEq) for patients with AN. Material: Forty-nine patients with AN, all part of the PROspective Longitudinal all-comer inclusion study on EDs (PROLED), were observed over eight weeks with baseline psychometric measures, EDE-q at baseline and endpoint, and weekly MDI self-scoring. Methods: Apart from the weekly Body Mass Index (BMI) measurements, patients were assessed at baseline using the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) and the Symptom Check List 92 (SCL-92). Results: Inpatient treatment reduced MDI consistently over 8 weeks (Wilks Lambda = 0.59, F = 4.1, p < 0.01) and this reduction in MDI was positively correlated with a reduction in EDEq (r = 0.44; p < 0.01) during inpatient treatment. Baseline medication did not predict changes in MDI during the inpatient treatment. BMI increased from 14.9 (week 1) to 17.2 (week 8). Conclusions: Inpatient treatment of AN is associated with a reduction in depressiveness. This improvement in depressiveness scores correlates with an improvement in ED psychopathology but not with weight gain.

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“…Diagnostic confirmation was done by use of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview instrument [19]. Baseline and endpoint depression severity were assessed by the investigator-administered HAM-D 17 scale [20] which covers the full spectrum of depression symptoms, the Hamilton six-item subscale (HAM-D 6 ) [21] which covers the core symptoms of depression, the Bech-Rafaelsen melancholia scale (MES) which includes items covering symptoms of psychomotor retardation [22], and paper-and-pen self-assessment was done with the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) [23], and the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) scale [24]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usability, Acceptability, and Adherence to an Electronic Self-Monitoring System in Patients With Major Depression Discharged From Inpatient Wards

et al. 2017

Self Cite

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BackgroundPatients suffering from depression have a high risk of relapse and readmission in the weeks following discharge from inpatient wards. Electronic self-monitoring systems that offer patient-communication features are now available to offer daily support to patients, but the usability, acceptability, and adherence to these systems has only been sparsely investigated.ObjectiveWe aim to test the usability, acceptability, adherence, and clinical outcome of a newly developed computer-based electronic self-assessment system (the Daybuilder system) in patients suffering from depression, in the period from discharge until commencing outpatient treatment in the Intensive Outpatient Unit for Affective Disorders.MethodsPatients suffering from unipolar major depression that were referred from inpatient wards to an intensive outpatient unit were included in this study before their discharge, and were followed for four weeks. User satisfaction was assessed using semiqualitative questionnaires and the System Usability Scale (SUS). Patients were interviewed at baseline and at endpoint with the Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D17), the Major Depression Inventory (MDI), and the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5). In this four-week period patients used the Daybuilder system to self-monitor mood, sleep, activity, and medication adherence on a daily basis. The system displayed a graphical representation of the data that was simultaneously displayed to patients and clinicians. Patients were phoned weekly to discuss their data entries. The primary outcomes were usability, acceptability, and adherence to the system. The secondary outcomes were changes in: the electronically self-assessed mood, sleep, and activity scores; and scores from the HAM-D17, MDI, and WHO-5 scales.ResultsIn total, 76% of enrolled patients (34/45) completed the four-week study. Five patients were readmitted due to relapse. The 34 patients that completed the study entered data for mood on 93.8% of the days (872/930), sleep on 89.8% of the days (835/930), activity on 85.6% of the days (796/930), and medication on 88.0 % of the days (818/930). SUS scores were 86.2 (standard deviation [SD] 9.7) and 79% of the patients (27/34) found that the system lived up to their expectations. A significant improvement in depression severity was found on the HAM-D17 from 18.0 (SD 6.5) to 13.3 (SD 7.3; P<.01), on the MDI from 27.1 (SD 13.1) to 22.1 (SD 12.7; P=.006), and in quality of life on the WHO-5 from 31.3 (SD 22.9) to 43.4 (SD 22.1; P<.001) scales, but not on self-assessed mood (P=.08). Mood and sleep parameters were highly variable from day-to-day. Sleep-offset was significantly delayed from baseline, averaging 48 minutes (standard error 12 minutes; P<.001). Furthermore, when estimating delay of sleep-onset (with sleep quality included in the model) during the study period, this showed a significant negative effect on mood (P=.03)ConclusionsThe Daybuilder systems performed well technically, and patients were satisfied with the system and h...

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The Performance of the Revised Major Depression Inventory for Self-Reported Severity of Depression - Implications for the DSM-5 and ICD-11

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

The Major Depression Inventory for diagnosing according to DSM‐5 and ICD‐11: Psychometric properties and validity in a Swedish general population

The Major Depression Inventory for diagnosing according to DSM‐5 and ICD‐11: Psychometric properties and validity in a Swedish general population

Anorexia Nervosa: Reduction in Depression during Inpatient Treatment Is Closely Related to Reduction in Eating Disorder Psychopathology

Usability, Acceptability, and Adherence to an Electronic Self-Monitoring System in Patients With Major Depression Discharged From Inpatient Wards

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