The Perirhinal Cortex and Recognition Memory Interference

Watson, Hilary C.; Lee, Andy

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2075-12.2013

Cited by 36 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Recent human fMRI experiments have found dissociations between PRC and PHC in item and context memory (19,21,(43)(44)(45)(46), although these studies did not manipulate memory interference. Our results are consistent with these data, but extend the findings in two important ways.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Object and spatial mnemonic interference differentially engage lateral and medial entorhinal cortex in humans

Reagh

Yassa

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

211

207

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Recent models of episodic memory propose a division of labor among medial temporal lobe cortices comprising the parahippocampal gyrus. Specifically, perirhinal and lateral entorhinal cortices are thought to comprise an object/item information pathway, whereas parahippocampal and medial entorhinal cortices are thought to comprise a spatial/contextual information pathway. Although several studies in human subjects have demonstrated a perirhinal/parahippocampal division, such a division among subregions of the human entorhinal cortex has been elusive. Other recent work has implicated pattern separation computations in the dentate gyrus and CA3 subregions of the hippocampus as a mechanism supporting the resolution of mnemonic interference. However, the nature of contributions of medial temporal lobe cortices to downstream hippocampal computations is largely unknown. We used high-resolution fMRI during a task selectively taxing mnemonic discrimination of object identity or spatial location, designed to differentially engage the two information pathways in the medial temporal lobes. Consistent with animal models, we demonstrate novel evidence for a domain-selective dissociation between lateral and medial entorhinal cortex in humans, and between perirhinal and parahippocampal cortex as a function of information content. Conversely, hippocampal dentate gyrus/CA3 demonstrated signals consistent with resolution of mnemonic interference across domains. These results provide insight into the information processing capacities and hierarchical interference resolution throughout the human medial temporal lobe.T he encoding of episodic memories is known to rely on a network of brain regions within the medial temporal lobes (MTL) (1). Past models of episodic memory have largely focused on the functional role of the hippocampus and its subregions. A wealth of recent evidence has implicated pattern separation, a computation by which overlapping inputs are orthogonalized into nonoverlapping outputs, as a key process in resolving interference among similar memories (2). This computation is widely thought to occur as a function of sparse firing patterns of granule cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), which form powerful mossy fiber synapses with large numbers of pyramidal cells in subregion CA3 (3-6). A critical role for the DG in orthogonalizing interfering inputs has been demonstrated in animal studies by using lesions (7-9), NMDA receptor knockouts (10), electrophysiological recordings (11, 12), and human functional MRI (13-15).Numerous studies have provided evidence for selective information processing in cortical areas that project to the hippocampus. Much of this research has focused on perirhinal cortex (PRC) and parahippocampal cortex (PHC, postrhinal in the rat). PRC has been shown to be critical for memory of item or object information, whereas PHC has been shown to play a role in memory of contextual or spatial information both in rats (16-18) and in humans (19)(20)(21). These dissociations are consistent with diff...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Object and spatial mnemonic interference differentially engage lateral and medial entorhinal cortex in humans

Reagh

Yassa

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

211

207

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A novel interference match-to-sample (IMTS) paradigm (Watson & Lee, 2013) was used to assess object and scene memory following periods of visual interference. For each trial, participants were first required to encode an object-in-scene image.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the findings of Watson and Lee (2013) provided valuable insight into PRC activity during interference resolution, extra-MTL contributions to the IMTS task were not examined. Beyond the MTL, pFC-mediated processes are known to support retrieval when conditions of high interference occur and/or bottom-up processes fail to automatically activate the appropriate representation (Badre, Poldrack, Paré-Blagoev, Insler, & Wagner, 2005;Badre & Wagner, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first aim of the current study was, therefore, to examine the interplay between the PRC and pFC/PPC regions supporting controlled retrieval. To address this, we applied a covariance-based multivariate approach, known as partial least squares (PLS; McIntosh & Lobaugh, 2004;McIntosh, Bookstein, Haxby, & Grady, 1996) to the data from our previous fMRI investigation (Watson & Lee, 2013). This analysis allowed the identification of whole-brain patterns of interferencerelated activity during retrieval and the assessment of functional connectivity between these regions and the PRC across the various IMTS task conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One further question arising from Watson and Lee (2013) relates to the nature of the information used to support IMTS performance. Specifically, performance on each trial could reflect the recognition of the target or correct rejection of the foil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Multivariate fMRI and Eye Tracking Reveal Differential Effects of Visual Interference on Recognition Memory Judgments for Objects and Scenes

O’Neil

Watson

Dhillon

et al. 2015

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Recent work has demonstrated that the perirhinal cortex (PRC) supports conjunctive object representations that aid object recognition memory following visual object interference. It is unclear, however, how these representations interact with other brain regions implicated in mnemonic retrieval and how congruent and incongruent interference influences the processing of targets and foils during object recognition. To address this, multivariate partial least squares was applied to fMRI data acquired during an interference match-to-sample task, in which participants made object or scene recognition judgments after object or scene interference. This revealed a pattern of activity sensitive to object recognition following congruent (i.e., object) interference that included PRC, prefrontal, and parietal regions. Moreover, functional connectivity analysis revealed a common pattern of PRC connectivity across interference and recognition conditions. Examination of eye movements during the same task in a separate study revealed that participants gazed more at targets than foils during correct object recognition decisions, regardless of interference congruency. By contrast, participants viewed foils more than targets for incorrect object memory judgments, but only after congruent interference. Our findings suggest that congruent interference makes object foils appear familiar and that a network of regions, including PRC, is recruited to overcome the effects of interference.

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Early cognitive decline in older adults better predicts object than scene recognition performance

et al. 2016

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There is an ongoing debate regarding the nature of memory deficits that occur in the early stages of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI has been associated with atrophy to regions that process objects, namely perirhinal and lateral entorhinal cortices. However, it is currently unclear whether older adults with early MCI will show memory deficits that are specific to objects, or whether they will also show memory deficits for other stimulus classes, such as scenes. We tested 75 older adults using an object and scene recognition task with stimulus-specific interference (i.e., exposure to irrelevant object or scene stimuli). We found an interaction (P = 0.05) whereby scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, a neuropsychological test with high sensitivity to MCI, shared a stronger relationship with object recognition than with scene recognition performance. Interestingly, this relationship was not modulated by the stimulus category of interfering items. To further explore these findings, we also tested an amnesic patient (DA) with known medial temporal lobe damage. Like older adults with early signs of MCI, DA showed poorer object recognition than scene recognition performance. Additionally, his performance was not modulated by the stimulus category of interfering material. By demonstrating that object memory is more predictive of cognitive decline than scene memory, these findings support the notion of perirhinal and lateral entorhinal cortex dysfunction in the early stages of MCI. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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The Perirhinal Cortex and Recognition Memory Interference

Cited by 36 publications

References 48 publications

Object and spatial mnemonic interference differentially engage lateral and medial entorhinal cortex in humans

Object and spatial mnemonic interference differentially engage lateral and medial entorhinal cortex in humans

Multivariate fMRI and Eye Tracking Reveal Differential Effects of Visual Interference on Recognition Memory Judgments for Objects and Scenes

Early cognitive decline in older adults better predicts object than scene recognition performance

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