The Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α (PPARα) Regulates the Plasma Thiobarbituric Acid-Reactive Substance (TBARS) Level

A Novel Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor (PPAR)α Agonist and PPARγ Antagonist, Z-551, Ameliorates High-fat Diet-induced Obesity and Metabolic Disorders in Mice

“…Excessive fat accumulation and increased oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species in the liver are known to contribute to the onset of insulin resistance and fatty liver (48,49). Z-551 has the following effects: to significantly enhance the expressions of PPAR␣ target genes involved in fatty acid uptake and oxidation such as Lpl and Acox1 in the liver in WT and WT DIO mice, and to reduce the concentrations of hepatic TG and TBARS in WT DIO mice.…”

Acarbose ameliorates atherogenecity of low-density lipoprotein in patients with impaired glucose tolerance

“…The inhibition of glucose uptake in the small intestine produces short-chain fatty acids, such as caproic acid [22,23]. Those short-chain fatty acids induce an increase in the level of x-3 fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, that may be incorporated into LDL particles.…”

Involvement of Src Family Protein Tyrosine Kinases in Ca 2+ Sensitization of Coronary Artery Contraction Mediated by a Sphingosylphosphorylcholine-Rho-Kinase Pathway

“…The mechanism for this has not been examined in the present study. However, EPA is known to inhibit the activation of a ligand-activated transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), 38 and PPAR is linked to Src family tyrosine kinases in vascular smooth muscle 39 and cardiac muscle contractility. 40 Taken together, the negative staining of Fyn in the nucleus may be related to muscle relaxation, which may be mediated by the inhibition of PPAR by EPA.…”