The Person’s Care Requires a Sex and Gender Approach

Campesi, Ilaria; Montella, Andrea; Seghieri, Giuseppe; Franconi, Flavia

doi:10.3390/jcm10204770

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 185 publications

(232 reference statements)

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“…Globally, this systematic review attempted at categorizing the abundance of many metabolites to one sex or the other, also considering possible variations related to the age of the analyzed individuals. As demonstrated by the critical selection of only a small number of articles, our work showed that sex is not still adequately considered in metabolomics-based investigations, despite the mounting evidence of its clinical importance for diagnosis, therapy, and outcome [ 83 ]. In particular, the low number of eligible manuscripts that consider the baseline metabolome in healthy individuals, in combination with the high heterogeneity of their data owing to the different metabolomics platforms, statistical approach, and population size, have hindered any process of meta-analysis that was initially planned.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, we recognized that sex is not still adequately considered in metabolomics-based investigations. Historically, the female sex has been under-represented in both human and animal experimentations, being considered a confounding variable [ 83 , 100 ]. This outlook can draw misleading evidences that are not equally applicable to both sexes.…”

Section: Perspectives and Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex differences in the human metabolome

et al. 2022

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Background The sexual dimorphism represents one of the triggers of the metabolic disparities between the organisms, advising about wild implications in research or diagnostics contexts. Despite the mounting recognition of the importance of sex consideration in the biomedical fields, the identification of male- and female-specific metabolic signatures has not been achieved. Main body This review pointed the focus on the metabolic differences related to the sex, evidenced by metabolomics studies performed on healthy populations, with the leading aim of understanding how the sex influences the baseline metabolome. The main shared signatures and the apparent dissimilarities between males and females were extracted and highlighted from the metabolome of the most commonly analyzed biological fluids, such as serum, plasma, and urine. Furthermore, the influence of age and the significant interactions between sex and age have been taken into account. Conclusions The recognition of sex patterns in human metabolomics has been defined in diverse biofluids. The detection of sex- and age-related differences in the metabolome of healthy individuals are helpful for translational applications from the bench to the bedside to set targeted diagnostic and prevention approaches in the context of personalized medicine. Graphical Abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perspectives and Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in the human metabolome

et al. 2022

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“…Several disparities in diagnosis, therapy, and outcomes have been motivated by the lack of investigations in female animals and women. The rareness of EBM results has created a bias that particularly affects women, who have historically been neglected in clinical research except for studies on the procreative apparatus [11,12]. Regarding the pharmacological responses of human beings, it depends on numerous factors and their reciprocal relationships, and it has been known that sex and gender differences imply drug consumption and adherence to therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the pharmacological responses of human beings, it depends on numerous factors and their reciprocal relationships, and it has been known that sex and gender differences imply drug consumption and adherence to therapy. Another factor recently investigated is the intestinal microbiota, conditioned by sex-gender differences, able to mitigate drug side effect, affects drug efficacy, and control antibiotic resistance [12][13][14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender and Sex in Medical Practice: An Exploratory Study on Knowledge, Behavior, and Attitude among Sicilian Physicians

Campisi

Buttacavoli

Attanasio

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Personalized medicine is a new paradigm in health care, and the concept of socio-cultural gender, as opposed to biological sex, emerged in several medical approaches. This exploratory study aimed to investigate the knowledge of sex and gender in clinical medicine among Sicilian physicians. Data collection was based on an online survey sent to the members of the Medical Council of Palermo (Sicily, Italy). The questionnaire included nine specific items about awareness and attitudes regarding gender medicine and its importance in clinical practice. 8023 Sicilian physicians received the solicitation e-mail and only 496 responded. Regarding the knowledge of gender medicine, 71.1% of participants stated that they know it, while 88.5% believe that gender medicine should be included in training programs. Similarly, a high percentage (77.6%) would like to keep up to date on this topic. Physicians sampled seem to understand the importance of gender medicine principles, although their experience of some gender issues (i.e., sex disparities in acute cardiovascular care and smoking cessation strategies) is low (55.44% and 21.57%, respectively). The results of this exploratory study should encourage facing the gender medicine gap in the current curricula of health professionals and should implement the transitional value of sex and gender principles in the clinical setting.

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“…In general, women were more likely to report gastrointestinal and nervous systems issues compared with men, which can lead to the higher female hospital frequentation observed in this study. There are several factors that can also influence these differences [ 49 , 50 ], such as the connection between hormones [ 51 ], a different pattern of co-prescribed medications, or other gender issues [ 52 , 53 ] that are nowadays undetected [ 54 ]. What is more, differences between males and women in sexual side-effects highlight the need for introducing this component in analgesic AE monitoring [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Oxycodone/Naloxone vs. Tapentadol in Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: An Observational Real-World Study

et al. 2022

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Despite the large body of research on sex differences in pain, there is a lack of translation to real-world pain management. Our aim was to analyse the sex differences in the analgesic response to oxycodone/naloxone (OXN) and tapentadol (TAP), in comparison with other opioids (OPO) commonly prescribed for chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP). An observational and cross-sectional study was conducted on ambulatory CNCP patients (n = 571). Sociodemographic, clinical (pain intensity, relief, and quality of life), safety (adverse events (AEs), adverse drug reactions), hospital frequentations and pharmacological (morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD)) variables were collected. Multiple linear regressions were carried out to assess the association between sex and outcomes. Sex differences were observed, with lower female tolerability and higher hospital frequentation, especially in the OXN group (OR AEs report = 2.8 [1.8–4.4], p < 0.001). Here, females showed higher hospital use (23% hospital admission, 30% prescription change, p < 0.05), requiring a higher MEDD (127 ± 103 mg/day, p < 0.05), compared to OXN men. Regardless of the opioid group, CNCP women were significantly older than men (three years), with significantly higher benzodiazepine use (OR = 1.6 [1.1–2.3]), more constipation (OR = 1.34 [0.93–1.90]) and headache (OR = 1.45 [0.99–2.13]) AEs, than men who were more likely to refer sexual dysfunction (OR = 2.77 [1.53–5.01]), and loss of libido (OR = 1.93 [1.22–3.04]). Sex-differences were found related to poorer female drug tolerability and higher hospital resources, even worst in OXN female users. Other differences related to older female ages and benzodiazepine prescription, need to be further analysed from a gender perspective.

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The Person’s Care Requires a Sex and Gender Approach

Cited by 13 publications

References 185 publications

Sex differences in the human metabolome

Sex differences in the human metabolome

Gender and Sex in Medical Practice: An Exploratory Study on Knowledge, Behavior, and Attitude among Sicilian Physicians

Sex Differences in Oxycodone/Naloxone vs. Tapentadol in Chronic Non-Cancer Pain: An Observational Real-World Study

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