The Perspective of N-Chlorotaurine Influence on Multi-Druf Resistant Microorganisms Associated With Dental Implantation Failure

Abstract

Introduction: Microorganisms colonizing the surface of dental implants can form biofilms that protect their microcolonies from mechanical impact, antimicrobial compounds, and immune factors. Prophylactic use of antibiotics during dental implantation can exert selective pressure on the development of antimicrobial resistance. In this context, N-chlorotaurine (NCT) is a promising compound to combat resistant agents.
 The aim is to investigate the efficacy of NCT against pathogens associated with dental implant complications.
 Materials and methods. A buffered 1% NCT solution adjusted to pH 7.1 was used for the study. Multidrug-resistant cultures (MDR) were identified. Determination of NCT activity was carried out by the agar and suspension method.
 The results. After standard antibiotic susceptibility testing, cultures classified as MDR were selected. 12 cultures were included in the MDR group, including seven S. aureus, three K. pneumoniae and three A. baumannii. MDR cultures of S. aureus had MRSA profile. Production of carbapenemases was confirmed in all MDR K. pneumoniae isolates, 2 of them showed production of metallo-β-lactamases. MDR isolates A. baumannii were also producers of metallo-β-lactamases. All 12 investigated MDR cultures were sensitive to NCT, the diameter of the zones of growth retardation was at least 15 mm. No significant difference was found between the effectiveness of 1% NCT solution against microorganisms with different mechanisms of drug resistance (t-test, p>0.05). When conducting studies in a liquid environment, a 1% NCT solution showed similar results, all MDR cultures were sensitive and showed a decrease in the microbial load (CFU/ml) by at least 2 log10 steps already 15 minutes after the start of the study. Notably, there was no significant difference in the efficacy of NCT against conditionally susceptible and MDR agents.
 Conclusions. Reducing the threat and burden of MDR pathogens is one of the goals announced by WHO and the Centres for Disease Control. Our study clearly confirms that various antibiotic resistance mechanisms do not affect the bactericidal activity of NCT, making it promising for the treatment of resistant infections.