The PGR networks in France: Collaboration of users and the genetic resource centre on small grain cereals

Didier, Audrey; Bardy, Lionel; Boulat, E.; Koenig, Jean; Lapierre, A.; Exbrayat, Florence; Bordes, Jacques; Balfourier, François

doi:10.1134/s2079059712040053

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Some of these interactions did not produce anything, while others have been significant in the development of the RSP. These include Christophe Bonneuil and Frédéric Thomas, historians of science, who have worked on the history of plant breeding in France and described the construction in the last century of the present seed regulation (Bonneuil and Thomas 2009); Shabnam Anvar, a lawyer and author of a PhD dissertation on French seed regulations (Anvar 2008); Véronique Chable, an INRA research engineer who gave farmers access to the cabbage genetic resources conserved at her INRA research center in Rennes and is now very active in raising funds and coordinating research projects on participatory plant breeding; Laurent Hazard, an INRA researcher developing participatory breeding on forage species; and Jean Koenig, Audrey Didier, and François Balfourier, curators of the national straw cereals genetic resources collection, who gave access to many wheat accessions and accepted in return seed samples issued from the farmers' fields (Didier et al 2012). All of these actors have contributed to shape the movement and enriched its argumentation.…”

Section: "Peasant Seeds" As Genetically Heterogeneous and Dynamic Entmentioning

confidence: 99%

A political ontology of seeds

Demeulenaere

2014

Focaal

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This article follows the trajectory of a French farmers' movement that contests the seed production and regulation system set in place during agricultural modernization. It focuses on the creativity of the movement, which ranges from semantic innovations (such as "peasant seeds") to the reinvention of onfarm breeding practices based on new scientific paradigms, and includes new alliances with the social movements defending the commons. The trajectory of the movement is shaped by its encounters-with scientists, other international seed contestations, and other social movements-and by the productive frictions they create. This in-depth reframing of the activities connected to seeds contributes to building a counternarrative about farmers and seeds that reopens spaces for contestation. In this counternarrative, "peasant seeds" play a central and subversive role in the sense that they question the ontological assumptions of present seed laws.

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Section: "Peasant Seeds" As Genetically Heterogeneous and Dynamic Entmentioning

confidence: 99%

A political ontology of seeds

Demeulenaere

2014

Focaal

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“…The north-western Mediterranean basin host an important barley diversity and France is the 5 th largest producer of barley in the world according to FAO data available in 2020, with hundreds of very diverse varieties recorded [34,35], providing a favourable context to investigate morphometric variation within and among barley types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barley systematics and taxonomy foreseen by seed morphometric variation

et al. 2023

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Since its Neolithic domestication in the Fertile Crescent, barley has spread to all continents and represents a major cereal in many modern agrarian systems. Current barley diversity includes thousands of varieties divided into four main categories corresponding to 2-row and 6-row subspecies and naked and hulled types, each of them with winter and spring varieties. This diversity is associated to different uses and allow cultivation in diverse environments. We used a large dataset of 58 varieties of French origin, (1) to assess the taxonomic signal in barley grain measurements comparing 2-row and 6-row subspecies, and naked and hulled types; (2) to test the impact of the sowing period and interannual variation on the grains size and shape; (3) to investigate the existence of morphological differences between winter and spring types; and finally (4) to contrast the relationship between the morphometric and genetic proximity. Size and shape of 1980 modern barley caryopses were quantified through elliptic Fourier Transforms and traditional size measurements. Our results indicate that barley grains record morphological diversity of the ear (89.3% classification accuracy between 2-row/6-row subspecies; 85.2% between hulled and naked type), sowing time of the grains (from 65.6% to 73.3% within barley groups), and environmental conditions during its cultivation and varietal diversity. This study opens perspectives for studying archaeological barley seeds and tracing the barley diversity and evolution since the Neolithic.

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The PGR networks in France: Collaboration of users and the genetic resource centre on small grain cereals

Cited by 2 publications

References 9 publications

A political ontology of seeds

A political ontology of seeds

Barley systematics and taxonomy foreseen by seed morphometric variation

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