The pH, Electrical Conductivity, and Primary Macronutrient Concentration of Sphagnum Peat and Ground Parboiled Fresh Rice Hull Substrates Over Time in a Greenhouse Environment

Evans, Michael R.; Buck, Johann S.; Sambo, Paolo

doi:10.21273/horttech.21.1.103

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…2; Table 4) and resulted in a gradual increase from 1.6 to 9 mg • L -1 throughout the experiment. Potassium release from the control substrate was similar to leachable K levels in sphagnum peat reported by others (Evans et al, 2011;Gachukia and Evans, 2008).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Effect of Biochar Type on Macronutrient Retention and Release from Soilless Substrate

Altland

Locke²

2013

horts

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A series of column studies were conducted to determine the influence of three different biochar types on nitrate, phosphate, and potassium retention and leaching in a typical greenhouse soilless substrate. A commercial substrate composed of 85 sphagnum peatmoss : 15 perlite (v:v) was amended with 10% by volume of three different biochar types including: gasified rice hull biochar (GRHB), sawdust biochar (SDB), and a bark and wood biochar (BWB). The non-amended control substrate, along with substrates amended with one of three biochar materials, were each packed into three columns. Columns were drenched with nutrient solution and leached to determine the impact of biochar on nutrient retention and leaching. Nitrate release curves were exponential and peaked lower, at later leaching events, and had higher residual nitrate release over time with each biochar amendment. The impact of biochar amendment on phosphate retention and release was more variable within and across the two experiments. In both experiments, the GRHB was a net source of phosphate, providing more phosphate to the system than the fertilizer application and hence obscuring any retention and release effect it might have. Potassium release varied by amendment type within each experiment, but within each amendment type was relatively consistent across the two experiments. All biochar types were a source of potassium, with GRHB providing more than SDB, but both providing far more potassium than the fertilizer event. The BWB amendment resulted in more leached potassium than the control substrate, but relatively little compared with GRHB and SDB amendments.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Effect of Biochar Type on Macronutrient Retention and Release from Soilless Substrate

Altland

Locke²

2013

horts

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“…Innovative approaches include the use of alternative biomass such as whole pine trees derived from plantation thinning and waste or “slash” from forest residues in the United States (Bilderback et al, 2013; Fields et al, 2014), the manufacture of wood fiber from the oversize fraction of green waste composting in the United Kingdom (Carlile and Waller, 2013), solid digestate from biogas plants (Do and Scherer, 2012; Crippa et al, 2013), and the use of biochar (Altland and Locke, 2013; Zaccheo et al, 2014). Worldwide, much research is focused on the transformation of agricultural, industrial, and municipal wastes (Evans et al, 2011; Raviv, 2013; Moral et al, 2013) into resources that can be used in growing media, with the benefit of diverting wastes from landfills and land spreading, and this approach seems likely in the future to provide large quantities of organic growing media, particularly in arid and semiarid regions of the globe.…”

Section: Environmental Pressures and Change In Patterns Of Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Growing Media: Constituents and Properties

Carlile

Cattivello²,

Zaccheo

2015

Vadose Zone Journal

107

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Organic growing media are essentially bulk products. Availability in large quantity allied to its excellent air and water retention, low pH and salinity, and freedom from pests and diseases has led to peat being the dominant organic constituent of growing media in many parts of the world for the last 50 yr. The unique microporous properties of Sphagnum peat and its resistance to degradation are matched by few other growing media constituents. Nevertheless, local scarcity of Sphagnum peat and the expense of transport has led to the use of other materials in growing media. Notable among these is coir, which unlike peat, a CO2 sink, is widely regarded as a rapidly renewable resource. Indeed, advances in processing and quality control in situ have led to a huge upsurge in the export and use of coir in growing media, particularly in Europe but also in the western United States. Locally available organic materials such as bark, composted materials including green (yard) wastes, municipal solid wastes, and even sewage sludge are also used in growing media. While possessing advantages such as the high air content of bark and nutrient supply of many composted materials, these media components may have disadvantages, from limited supplies due to bioenergy pulls and N lock‐up in bark, to physical, chemical, and microbial contaminants in composts. Current innovative approaches involve increasing use of wood fiber in Europe, whole pine‐tree thinnings in the United States, and realizing the use and transformation of composted wastes as next‐generation constituents of growing media.

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“…Rice hulls are commercially available for horticulture, and are currently used as a component in greenhouse and nursery substrates. The infl uence of rice hulls on substrate chemical and physical properties varies by amendment rate and the parent substrate (Evans et al 2011;Evans and Gachukia 2007), and they are often used with the intent of increasing substrate drainage. Rice hulls can also be used as a container mulch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parboiled Rice Hull Mulch in Containers Reduces Liverwort and Flexuous Bittercress Growth

Altland¹,

Krause²

2014

Journal of Environmental Horticulture

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Use of preemergence herbicides for weed control is not always possible; some crops and many enclosed production sites are not labeled for herbicide applications. The objective of this research was to determine the utility of parboiled rice hull mulch for controlling two of the most common weeds in nursery crop production, flexuous bittercress (Cardamine flexuosa With.) and liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha L.). Two experiments were conducted to determine control of flexuous bittercress and liverwort with 0, 0.6, 1.3, or 2.5 cm (0, 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 in) depths of rice hull mulch applied to the surface of 15 cm (6 in) diameter pots on a greenhouse bench. In both experiments, one group of containers were potted each with a single rose (Rosa ‘Radrazz’) and another group was not potted (only substrate and rice hull mulch). Flexuous bittercress seed and liverwort gemmae were applied to the surface of the substrate or mulch. Rose response and weed growth were monitored for 8 weeks in both experiments. Substrate pH, rose foliar color, and rose growth were not affected in either experiment. Flexuous bittercress and liverwort establishment and subsequent growth decreased with increasing rice hull depth. Containers with either a 1.3 or 2.5 cm (0.5 or 1.0 in) depth of rice hulls provided nearly 100% weed control. Rice hulls provided effective bittercress and liverwort control for 8 weeks with no adverse effects on roses.

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The pH, Electrical Conductivity, and Primary Macronutrient Concentration of Sphagnum Peat and Ground Parboiled Fresh Rice Hull Substrates Over Time in a Greenhouse Environment

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of Biochar Type on Macronutrient Retention and Release from Soilless Substrate

Effect of Biochar Type on Macronutrient Retention and Release from Soilless Substrate

Organic Growing Media: Constituents and Properties

Parboiled Rice Hull Mulch in Containers Reduces Liverwort and Flexuous Bittercress Growth

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