The PH gene determines fruit acidity and contributes to the evolution of sweet melons

Cohen, Shahar; Itkin, Maxim; Yeselson, Yelena; Tzuri, Galil; Portnoy, Vitaly; Harel-Baja, Rotem; Lev, Shery; Saar, Uzi; Davidovitz-Rikanati, Rachel; Baranes, Nadine; Bar, Einat; Wolf, Dalia; Petreikov, Marina; Shen, Shmuel; Ben‐Dor, Shifra; Rogachev, Ilana; Aharoni, Asaph; Ast, Tslil; Schuldiner, Maya; Belausov, Eduard; Eshed, Ravit; Ophir, Ron; Sherman, Amir; Frei, Benedikt; Neuhaus, H. Ekkehard; Xu, Youqiang; Fei, Zhangjun; Giovannoni, Jim; Lewinsohn, Efraim; Tadmor, Yaakov; Paris, Harry S.; Katzir, Nurit; Burger, Y.; Schaffer, Arthur A.

doi:10.1038/ncomms5026

Cited by 110 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The resulting amplicon was cloned into the pENTR vector and subsequently cloned into the plant expression vector Pk7wg2.0. The resulting plasmid, Pk7wg2.0-CDS, was expressed in tobacco plants as described in Cohen et al (55). Epoxide hydrolase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biosynthetic pathway of the nonsugar, high-intensity sweetener mogroside V from Siraitia grosvenorii

Itkin

Davidovich‐Rikanati

Cohen

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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152

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The consumption of sweeteners, natural as well as synthetic sugars, is implicated in an array of modern-day health problems. Therefore, natural nonsugar sweeteners are of increasing interest. We identify here the biosynthetic pathway of the sweet triterpenoid glycoside mogroside V, which has a sweetening strength of 250 times that of sucrose and is derived from mature fruit of luo-han-guo (Siraitia grosvenorii, monk fruit). A whole-genome sequencing of Siraitia, leading to a preliminary draft of the genome, was combined with an extensive transcriptomic analysis of developing fruit. A functional expression survey of nearly 200 candidate genes identified the members of the five enzyme families responsible for the synthesis of mogroside V: squalene epoxidases, triterpenoid synthases, epoxide hydrolases, cytochrome P450s, and UDP-glucosyltransferases. Protein modeling and docking studies corroborated the experimentally proven functional enzyme activities and indicated the order of the metabolic steps in the pathway. A comparison of the genomic organization and expression patterns of these Siraitia genes with the orthologs of other Cucurbitaceae implicates a strikingly coordinated expression of the pathway in the evolution of this species-specific and valuable metabolic pathway. The genomic organization of the pathway genes, syntenously preserved among the Cucurbitaceae, indicates, on the other hand, that gene clustering cannot account for this novel secondary metabolic pathway.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biosynthetic pathway of the nonsugar, high-intensity sweetener mogroside V from Siraitia grosvenorii

Itkin

Davidovich‐Rikanati

Cohen

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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152

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“…To validate the precision of the high‐density‐marker QTL mapping, we examined four QTL with known causative genes: (i) fruit acidity, determined by the PH gene encoding a PILS‐type membrane transporter ( CmPH ; Cohen et al ., ), (ii) fruit length, affected by the a gene ( CmACS 7), encoding ACC synthase, an ethylene‐biosynthesis enzyme shown to determine flower sexual type and to have pleiotropic effects on several traits, including fruit length and size (Boualem et al ., ; Monforte et al ., ), (iii) levels of the volatile methanethiol, derived from l ‐methionine by the methionine‐γ‐lyase, encoded by the gene CmMGL (Gonda et al ., ), and (iv) levels of the alcohols and the volatile esters derived from these alcohols by AATs, encoded mainly by CmAAT1 (El‐Sharkawy et al ., ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deciphering genetic factors that determine melon fruit‐quality traits using RNA‐Seq‐based high‐resolution QTL and eQTL mapping

et al. 2018

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Combined quantitative trait loci (QTL) and expression-QTL (eQTL) mapping analysis was performed to identify genetic factors affecting melon (Cucumis melo) fruit quality, by linking genotypic, metabolic and transcriptomic data from a melon recombinant inbred line (RIL) population. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) of fruit from 96 RILs yielded a highly saturated collection of > 58 000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, identifying 6636 recombination events that separated the genome into 3663 genomic bins. Bin-based QTL analysis of 79 RILs and 129 fruit-quality traits affecting taste, aroma and color resulted in the mapping of 241 QTL. Thiol acyltransferase (CmThAT1) gene was identified within the QTL interval of its product, S-methyl-thioacetate, a key component of melon fruit aroma. Metabolic activity of CmThAT1-encoded protein was validated in bacteria and in vitro. QTL analysis of flesh color intensity identified a candidate white-flesh gene (CmPPR1), one of two major loci determining fruit flesh color in melon. CmPPR1 encodes a member of the pentatricopeptide protein family, involved in processing of RNA in plastids, where carotenoid and chlorophyll pigments accumulate. Network analysis of > 12 000 eQTL mapped for > 8000 differentially expressed fruit genes supported the role of CmPPR1 in determining the expression level of plastid targeted genes. We highlight the potential of RNA-Seq-based QTL analysis of small to moderate size, advanced RIL populations for precise marker-assisted breeding and gene discovery. We provide the following resources: a RIL population genotyped with a unique set of SNP markers, confined genomic segments that harbor QTL governing 129 traits and a saturated set of melon eQTLs.

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“…Analyzing the citric acid levels in melon cultivars, Nuñez-Palenius et al (2007) found values between 0.08 and 0.15%, and highest values (0.21%) in the pulp of 'Galia' melon, in contrast with the result of this study with yellow melon. Although the acidity influence the melon fruit flavor (Cohen et al, 2014), small variations in acidity levels are little significant for melons and watermelons, due to the low concentration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Harvest Application of Plant Biostimulant on the Quality and Shelf-Life of Yellow Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

Aroucha¹,

Sousa²,

Medeiros³

et al. 2018

JAS

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The purpose this work was to evaluate the influence of pre-harvest application of plant biostimulant on the quality and shelf-life of melon. For this an experiment was established in the "Coopyfrutas", located in Rio Grande do Norte state/Brazil. The treatments consisted of a combination of factors: melon cultivars ('Goldex' and 'Iracema') and pre-harvest application of plant biostimulant, Crop Set®, (with and without). At commercial maturity, some fruit of each treatment were sampled and analyzed and the others were stored in a cold chamber at 10±2 ºC and 80±2% relative humidity. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized split-plot design. The plots consisted of cultivars and Crop Set® application and subplots of different storage time (0, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days after harvest) with eight replications. The characteristics evaluated were length, diameter, internal cavity, external and internal appearance, weight loss, fresh firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, SS/TA ratio, and total soluble sugars. Applications of plant biostimulant led to an increase in fruit length and diameter. It reduced fresh firmness and increased the pH of 'Goldex' fruit. The total soluble sugars reduced at 35 days of storage in the 'Iracema' fruit treated with plant biostimulant.

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The PH gene determines fruit acidity and contributes to the evolution of sweet melons

Cited by 110 publications

References 49 publications

The biosynthetic pathway of the nonsugar, high-intensity sweetener mogroside V from Siraitia grosvenorii

The biosynthetic pathway of the nonsugar, high-intensity sweetener mogroside V from Siraitia grosvenorii

Deciphering genetic factors that determine melon fruit‐quality traits using RNA‐Seq‐based high‐resolution QTL and eQTL mapping

Pre-Harvest Application of Plant Biostimulant on the Quality and Shelf-Life of Yellow Melon (Cucumis melo L.)

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