The pharmacokinetic characteristics of sulfadiazine in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) following oral and intravenous administrations

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters of sulfadiazine (SDZ) in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) following oral gavage and intravenous injection. The healthy channel catfish were orally and intravenously administrated with SDZ solution at doses of 50 and 5 mg/kg, respectively. Plasma samples were determined by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet detector. The results demonstrated that the concentration‐time profile of SDZ after oral dosing was best described by a one‐compartmental open model with first‐order absorption. The absorption half‐life (t1/2Kα), the elimination half‐life (t1/2Ke), and the area under concentration‐time profile (AUC0‐∞) were estimated to be 0.87 h, 29.04 h, and 1311.72 mg.h/L, respectively. After intravenous administration, the concentration‐time curve of SDZ conformed to a two‐compartmental open model without absorption. The distribution half‐life (t1/2α), the elimination half‐life (t1/2β), the apparent distribution volume (Vss), the total clearance (CL), and AUC0‐∞ were calculated to be 0.19 h, 14.24 h, 0.36 L/kg, 0.018 L/h/kg, and 277.12 mg.h/L, respectively. Finally, the bioavailability was estimated to be 47.33%. This study will provide some useful information for the modification of the dosage form of SDZ in aquaculture, and is partly beneficial for appropriate use of SDZ in the future.

The plasma and tissue kinetics of sulfadiazine and its metabolite in Ictalurus punctatus after oral gavage at two temperatures

“…The V_F of SDZ in channel catfish were, respectively, 0.53 L/h at 18°C and 1.48 L/h at 24°C, suggesting that the distribution of SDZ in warm water is wider than in cold water. A similar value of 1.60 L/h has been reported in the same species at 24°C via the same oral gavage (Xu, Fu, et al, 2022). In grass carp, the V_F of SDZ (0.93 L/h) was higher than that in channel catfish at 18°C, but the V_F value at 24°C is comparable to that in channel catfish (Xu, Li, et al, 2022).…”

“…This may be due to the difference in the excretion of phytophagous fish with omnivorous fish (Xu, Cheng, et al, 2021). A relatively lower value (0.038 L/h/kg) was presented in our previous study at 24°C (Xu, Fu, et al, 2022). It is reported that individuals can exhibit different metabolic profiles caused by microbiota, nutritional input, the interplay of genetic background, and other environmental factors, thereby presenting different body clearances (Braun, 2017; Montgomery et al, 2013; Visconti et al, 2019).…”

“…This may be due to the difference in the excretion of phytophagous fish with omnivorous fish (Xu, Cheng, et al, 2021). A relatively lower value (0.038 L/h/kg) was presented in our previous study at 24°C (Xu, Fu, et al, 2022).…”

“…Many published references have proved this phenomenon such as florfenicol (Rairat et al, 2019; Yang et al, 2018, 2019), doxycycline (Xu et al, 2019), oxolinic acid (Rigos et al, 2002b), oxytetracycline (Rigos et al, 2002a; Rosa et al, 2019), and flumequine (Sohlberg et al, 1994). Recently, we examined the bioavailability of SDZ in grass carp and channel catfish (Xu, Fu, et al, 2021, 2022), and the pharmacokinetics of SDZ in grass carp at different temperatures (Xu, Li, et al, 2022). To our knowledge, there is no report about the influence of environmental temperature on SDZ pharmacokinetics in channel catfish.…”

Intracellular Reduction-Responsive Molecular Targeted Nanomedicine for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy

“…In severe cases, headache, abdominal pain, and hand-foot syndrome will occur ( Kaur et al, 2021 ; Otani et al, 2021 ; Platini et al, 2021 ). Moreover, due to its hydrophobicity, oral administration as the only option induces short half-life ( Xu et al, 2021 ). Besides these side effects, the high cost and ease to generate resistance further limit the extensive use of molecular targeted drugs ( Liu et al, 2021 ; Sun et al, 2021 ).…”