The Pharmacology of Prostaglandins for Induction of Labor

Yount, Susan M.; Lassiter, Nicole

doi:10.1111/jmwh.12022

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(354 reference statements)

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“…Prostaglandins function to promote cervical ripening and increase myometrial contractility, whereas oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions, primarily by increasing intracellular calcium. 25,26 In patients with intact membranes undergoing cervical ripening and induction of labor, oxytocin is not as effective as prostaglandin American Journal of Perinatology methods. 27 However, other studies have shown that induction of labor with oxytocin and amniotomy is one of the most effective methods at achieving vaginal delivery within 24 hours, and that early amniotomy in nulliparous patients undergoing induction of labor shortens the time to delivery.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin Compared to Buccal Misoprostol for Induction of Labor after Term Prelabor Rupture of Membranes

et al. 2019

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Objective To determine if admission-to-delivery times vary between term nulliparous women with prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) who initially receive oxytocin compared with buccal misoprostol for labor induction. Study Design This is a retrospective cohort of 130 term, nulliparous women with PROM and cervical dilation of ≤2 cm who underwent induction of labor with intravenous oxytocin or buccal misoprostol. The primary outcome was time from admission to delivery. Linear regressions with log transformation were used to estimate the effect of induction agent on time to delivery. Results Women receiving oxytocin had faster admission-to-delivery times than women receiving misoprostol (16.9 vs. 19.9 hours, p = 0.013). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes between the groups. In the adjusted model, women who received misoprostol had a 22% longer time from admission to delivery (95% CI 5.0–42.0%) compared with women receiving oxytocin. Conclusion In term nulliparous patients with PROM, intravenous oxytocin is associated with faster admission-to-delivery times than buccal misoprostol.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin Compared to Buccal Misoprostol for Induction of Labor after Term Prelabor Rupture of Membranes

et al. 2019

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“…In most countries, doctors are prone to use dinoprostone in the form of a vaginal insert for unprepared cervix. However, both vaginal insert and gel are recognized to be equally effective in overall time to mode of birth and neonatal outcome . Misoprostol has been used for induction of labor since the 1990s.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and safety of intravaginal misoprostol versus intracervical dinoprostone for labor induction at term: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Liu

et al. 2014

J of Obstet and Gynaecol

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Aim: Recent studies suggest that misoprostol may be more effective than dinoprostone in pregnant women with unfavorable cervix. The objective here is to investigate and compare the efficacy and safety of intravaginal misoprostol and intracervical dinoprostone for labor induction, including incidence of cesarean section, vaginal delivery rate within 24 h, uterine hyperstimulation, tachysystole, oxytocin augmentation, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, and Apgar score of less than 7 at 1 and 5 min. Methods: Databases searched were MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, up to July 2013. Randomized controlled trials comparing intravaginal misoprostol with intracervical dinoprostone in women with singleton pregnancy, intact membranes and unfavorable cervix (Bishop's <6) were included. Pooled relative risk, mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Results: The use of misoprostol was significantly effective in increasing the rate of vaginal delivery within 24 h and less oxytocin augmentation when compared with dinoprostone. However, the incidents of uterine hyperstimulation and tachysystole were significantly higher under the misoprostol protocol than dinoprostone protocol. Furthermore, we found similar efficiency in the rate of cesarean delivery, NICU admission and Apgar score at 1 and 5 min among the study groups. Conclusion: Intravaginal misoprostol appears to be more efficient for labor induction than intracervical dinoprostone; however, dinoprostone has been demonstrated to be safer because of the lower incidence of uterine hyperstimulation and tachysystole. Further high-quality studies assessing the possible effectiveness of misoprostol and dinoprostone in selected groups of patients are warranted.

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“…Nevertheless, there is an increased risk of excessive contractile function (hyperstimulation) associated with this method. Currently, the most commonly used drug to pre-induct the labor is dinoprostone, which is a PGE2 analog and misoprostol, aPGE1 analog [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of intravaginal misoprostol 0.2 mg versus intracervical dinoprostone 0.5 mg doses for labor induction at term pregnancies

et al. 2017

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Objectives: Labor-induction methods are used in about 23% of labors. Most commonly, pharmacological methods are used to pre-induct the labor with dinoprostone -a PGE2 analog, and misoprostol -a PGE1 analog. The aim of this study was to evaluate two pharmacological methods of labor induction with the use of prostaglandins applied via an intravaginal insert containing misoprostol at a dose of 0.2 mg and intracervical gel containing dinoprostone at a dose of 0.5 mg. Material and methods:This retrospective study was conducted on a group of 50 adult patients qualified for the pre-induction of labor. Following data were recorded: the time from the drug administration to the beginning of regular contractile function, the time from administration to amniotic fluid rupture, the time from medicament administration to the vaginal labor or caesarean section, the duration of I, II and III stages of labor, the delivery method and in the event of caesarean section -the indications for surgery. Results:In comparison to dinoprostone, the misoprostol application was found to shorten the time from drug administration to amniotic fluid rupture by 14.1 hours, the time to the beginning of the first stage of labor by 11.7 hours and from the drug administration to the delivery by 17.3 hours (p-value < 0.05). The duration of the first stage of labor in the misoprostol group was shorter by 1.2 hours than in dinoprostone group (p-value < 0.05). Conclusions:Application of intravaginal insert with misoprostol at a dose of 0.2 mg appears to be a more effective method of labor induction in comparison to intracervical gel with dinoprostone at a dose of 0.5mg. Thorough analysis of these methods requires further studies.

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The Pharmacology of Prostaglandins for Induction of Labor

Cited by 34 publications

References 51 publications

Oxytocin Compared to Buccal Misoprostol for Induction of Labor after Term Prelabor Rupture of Membranes

Oxytocin Compared to Buccal Misoprostol for Induction of Labor after Term Prelabor Rupture of Membranes

Efficacy and safety of intravaginal misoprostol versus intracervical dinoprostone for labor induction at term: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Analysis of intravaginal misoprostol 0.2 mg versus intracervical dinoprostone 0.5 mg doses for labor induction at term pregnancies

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