The Philosopher's Swoon—The Concussion of Michel de Montaigne: A Historical Vignette

Feinsod, Moshé; Langer, Karen G.

doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2011.12.007

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

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Michel de Montaigne (1533–1592)

Marx

2015

Urologe

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Michel de Montaigne (1533-1592) was the most important representative of French Humanism in the sixteenth century. Fragmentarily scattered throughout his "essais" and in chronological order in the diary of his spa journeys to Italy, he extensively describes his suffering from kidney stones, which accompanied him from the age of 45 years up to his death. This urological self-report achieves additional weight due to the extraordinary personality of the patient, who reflects on his urolithiasis and the effect on his own life not only from a subjective viewpoint but also makes his disease experience a starting point for critical thoughts on the value and limitations of the medical possibilities in his epoch. With a clear knowledge of the difficulty of medical practice, he postulates a rational approach supported by experience. Particularly interesting is Montaigne's stance towards contemporary physicians. He sees the benefits of physician consultations for himself and for patients generally, as being rarely substantiated but, despite sometimes strong antimedical invectives, accuses the doctors themselves less than the, although rationally structured but still mostly speculative, medical teaching structure influenced by Hippocrates and Galenism.

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Michel de Montaigne (1533–1592)

Marx

2015

Urologe

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The History of Amnesia—a Review

Langer¹

2021

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep

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Reversal of Trauma-Induced Amnesia in Mice by a Thrombin Receptor Antagonist

et al. 2013

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Minimal traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with the existence of retrograde amnesia and microscopic bleeds containing activated coagulation factors. In an mTBI model, we report that thrombin induces amnesia through its receptor protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1). Thrombin activity was significantly elevated (32 %, p < 0.05) 5 min following mTBI compared to controls. Amnesia was assessed by the novel object recognition test in mTBI animals and in animals injected intracerebroventricularly (ICV) with either thrombin or a PAR-1 agonist 1 h after the acquisition phase. Saline-injected controls had a preference index of over 0.3 while mTBI animals and those injected with thrombin or the PAR-1 agonist spent equal time with both objects indicating no recall of the object presented to them 24 h previously (p < 0.05). Co-injecting a PAR-1 antagonist (SCH79797) completely blocked the amnestic effects of mTBI, thrombin, and the PAR-1 agonist. Long-term potentiation, measured in hippocampal slices 24 h after mTBI, ICV thrombin or the PAR-1 agonist, was significantly impaired and this effect was completely reversed by the PAR-1 antagonist. The results support a crucial role for PAR-1 in the generation of amnesia following mTBI, revealing a novel therapeutic target for the cognitive effects of brain trauma.

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The Philosopher's Swoon—The Concussion of Michel de Montaigne: A Historical Vignette

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Michel de Montaigne (1533–1592)

Michel de Montaigne (1533–1592)

The History of Amnesia—a Review

Reversal of Trauma-Induced Amnesia in Mice by a Thrombin Receptor Antagonist

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