The phospholipid composition of plasma in various mammalian species

Abstract

Plasma phospholipids in several common mammalian species, including cat, cow, dog, goat, guinea pig, horse, pig, rabbit, rat, and sheep, were analyzed by using chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods. Lipids were extracted from plasma with chloroform-methanol 2ratio1 (v/v) and freed of nonlipid material by passage through a Sephadex column. The phospholipids were separated by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Spots were identified by spray reagents, also by infrared spectrophotometry. The relative distribution of the phospholipids was determined by phosphorus analysis on the spot scraped off the TLC plate.Lecithin, lysolecithin, and sphingomyelin were found in the plasma of all species and accounted for more than 95% of the phospholipids except in the rodents. Lecithin was without exception the major phospholipid in plasma (56 to 83%). Lysolecithin and sphingomyelin content varied between 8 and 23% and 6 and 15% respectively. Phosphatidyl ethanolamine and phosphatidyl inositol were the only noncholine-containing phospholipids detected (detection limits 0.2%) in the plasma of these species. Together these compounds usually made up less than 5% of the total phospholipid. Rodents were an exception, especially the guinea pig, which had 21.7% phosphatidyl ethanolamine.

Susceptibility of phospholipids of oxidizing LDL to enzymatic hydrolysis modulates uptake by P388D1 macrophage‐like cells

“…As reported by this laboratory previously [35], albumin may be capable of protecting LDL from degradation via scavenger-dependent pathways by properties distinct to its funtion as antioxidant. Moreover albumin, besides its ability to bind lysophospholipids [36][37][38] and its antioxidant properties [39], has multiple binding sites for fatty acids [40,41]. This may further favor the scavenging of acidic peroxidation products and macrophages, capable of incorporating albuminbound fatty acids [42], may contribute to neutralizing reactive 0 CH2--O--(CH2)ls--CH3 acidic compounds.…”

Specific, rapid, and sensitive enzymatic measurement of sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine in serum and lipid extracts

“…The choline-containing phospholipids sphingomyelin (SM), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC) are the three major phospholipids found in humans [1]. These molecules comprise the major outer surface phospholipids of cell membranes and are also the major phospholipids of plasma lipoproteins [2].…”

Bioaccumulation potential of air contaminants: Combining biological allometry, chemical equilibrium and mass-balances to predict accumulation of air pollutants in various mammals

“…Although inter-species differences in blood composition are relatively small (Nelson 1972;Nelson 1967), partition coefficients have been found to vary with changes in hematocrit and blood lipids (Fiserova-Bergerova 1983;Lin et al 2002). There is considerable variation in reported blood-air partition coefficients of a chemical between studies as indicated by 90% confidence intervals in Figure 1.…”