The Photochemical Degradation (PCD) of Nitrobenzene (NB) using UV Light and Fenton Reagent Under Various Conditions

Abstract

Photochemical degradation contributes to the environmental fate of many pesticides, chemicals, and industrial waste in surface waters. Photochemical degradation (PCD) of nitrobenzene (NB) has been studied using a UV light source and Fenton's reagent under different experimental conditions. The effect of concentration on PCD of NB was monitored and recorded in the range 0.5 x 10-4 M to 3.0 x 10-4 M. The concentration of H2O2 was performed from 5.0 x 10-4 M to 2.5 x 10-4 M and Fe(II) from 1.0 x 10-4 M to 5.0 x 10-4 M, respectively. In terms of concentration, the absorbance increases with increasing the concentration of the solution of NB, H2O2 and Fe(II). The initial rate of PCD was recorded at fixed pH 2.42 of solution. Two optima for pH were found for PCD of nitrobenzene ranging from pH 2.42 to 4.20. The intermediates formed during PCD of NB were identified, by which a mechanism was then suggested that PCD is actually found to follow pseudo-first-order kinetics.

Structural, Electronic, Elastic, Mechanical, and Opto-Electronic Properties for ZnAg2SnS4 and ZnAg2Sn0.93Fe0.07S4 Photocatalyst Effort on Wastewater Treatment through the First Principle Study

“…Additionally, its process has several advantages, including quick processing, a simple reaction system, recyclable materials, self-regenerated, nonconsumption of oxygen, and producing a high level of UV or visible light absorption [14]. Photocatalytic semiconductors, as well as other optoelectronic devices [15,16], are employed in the degradation process for many industrial dyes and antibiotics from pharmaceutical and other industries [17][18][19][20][21] because photocatalysis manipulated a variety of fundamental features, including maximum photocatalytic efciency, a large surface area, light harvesting, reusable, and facilitates the charge carrier separation or enhances the surface reaction of material [22][23][24][25][26]. Te method of photocatalysis produces the electron-hole pair due to induced phot-generation, which leads to the production of superoxide free radicals, and by reacting with oxygen, water molecules, and organic pollutants, causes OH, a free radical.…”

Preparation and Characterization of Carbon Doped ZnO and Its Effectiveness as Photocatalyst under Visible Light

“…In order to dispel this pollution obstruction in our universe, especially 3 rd world countries and developing countries, many researches and laboratory actions have been studied last several decades. Numerous chemical and physical technologies have been proposed for the treatment of wastewater and organic pollutants from the textile industries 3 . When using a physical method, for example, using adsorbent to eliminate organic contaminants along with dyes, activated carbon is highly helpful 4 but in wide range of application, the reactivation of adsorbent for further usage is not economically fair.…”