The seed of the R. sativus L. has around 40-54 % of its weight in oil, extracted by mechanical pressing. The resulting cake retains around 7.5 % of its own weight in oil and has a high nutritional value, in addition to high palatability as cattle feed [1].It is known, however, that lipids can undergo chemical changes during storage and/or processing, such as hydrolytic rancidity and oxidative rancidity, compromising the quality of the oil [3]. These oxidative processes constitute one of the most important technical problems when working with oils. Rancidity can be observed through the production of free fatty acids and shortchain organic acids from double bond oxidation [4]. As a result, properties such as the acid value and density are altered [3,4]. As an alternative to traditional methods of analysis, such as titrimetric analyses, techniques based on optical analyses are gaining interest in the scientific community as analytical tool for the analysis and quality control of oils [5,6]. Recent studies have shown that the breakup of the carbon chains of triacylglycerols when they are subjected to oxidation, alters the optical properties of the oils, causing changes in the absorption of radiation at two characteristic wavelengths, 232 and 270 nm [7,8]. These alterations provide relevant information on the initial and final stages of oxidation. The degradation of oil also results in changes in the molecular emission profile, causing the appearance and/ or extinction of some bands of fluorescence [9]. In this context, this work monitored the thermal oxidation process of the oil from the oilseed R. sativus based on the analysis of its density, acid value and induction period, in addition to tracking the oil's degradation process based on spectroscopic techniques to assess the molecular absorption in the ultraviolet and visible region and its molecular fluorescence.Abstract In this work, the composition of fatty acids and the oxidative stability of the oil from Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg. are presented and analyzed with the Rancimat method, and by absorption and molecular fluorescence spectroscopy. The gas chromatography showed that the content of unsaturated fatty acids was 90.27 ± 6.10 %, with a predominance of oleic (C 18:1), linoleic (C 18:2), erucic (C 22:1), linolenic (C 18:3) and eicosenoic (C 20:1) acids. The induction period determined by the Rancimat method was 48.0 ± 1.0 h. In addition, the thermal degradation of the oil was monitored through its acid value, density, UV-Vis absorption and molecular fluorescence, and here we show the potential applicability of emission spectroscopy for R. sativus oil oxidation studies.