The photoluminescent metal nanoclusters with atomic precision

Photo/electrocatalysis and photosensitization using metal nanoclusters for green energy and medical applications

“…23A). 136,146 The longer circulation time of Au 10,11 NCs in the blood compared to Au 25 NCs allowed their accumulation in cancerous tissues through EPR (Fig. 23B).…”

“…Recent synthetic innovations have allowed the fabrication of atomically precise metal nanoclusters (NCs). [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] These metal NCs contain a few to hundreds of metal atoms that are protected by organic ligands (e.g., thiolate, phosphine, small molecules, synthetic polymers, and biomolecules). Particularly, thiolate-protected metal NCs and their alloy NCs can be prepared with atomic precision as M n (SR) m (M ¼ gold (Au), silver (Ag), cupper (Cu), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), or other element; SR ¼ thiolate ligand) in a wide range of sizes by varying the n and m values.…”

“…As mentioned previously, such NCs have potential applications in the elds of energy, environmental science, medicine, and other. [9][10][11][12][13] The M n (SR) m NCs have discrete energy levels due to the quantum size effect, making them signicantly different from the larger (>3 nm) plasmonic metal (Au or Ag) nanoparticles (NPs) with continuous energy levels. By adjusting n and m, one can control the discrete electronic/ geometrical structure of M n (SR) m NCs and thereby their photosensitizing and photo/electrocatalytic capability.…”

Physicochemical Aspects of Metal Nanoparticle Preparation

“…However, a complete shift from one layout structure to the other one happens at the dimension below 1 nm when the particles contain maximally tens of atoms, and their behavior is strongly influenced by quantum effects, which is not commonly observed in the case of nanomaterials [5,46,[55][56][57]. These particles are usually named as clusters, and their abnormal optical properties (i.e., fluorescence) are nowadays in the center of the interest of the studies focused on optical properties of nanomaterials [58][59][60][61][62][63]. Such tiny particles (a) Dependence of the absorbance of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold nanoparticles on their size.…”

Face‐Centered‐Cubic Ag Nanoclusters: Origins and Consequences of the High Structural Regularity Elucidated by Density Functional Theory Calculations

“…Mid-wayi ns ize betweendiscrete metalc omplexesa nd nanoparticles, [1][2][3][4] ultrasmall (< 2nm) metal nanoclusters( NCs) comprising several to hundreds of metal atoms have attracted a great deal of interest due to their molecular-like properties, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] such as fluorescence [5,6] and chirality. [7][8][9][10] With the ongoing determination of their precise structures (e.g.,b ys ingle-crystal Xray diffraction), some fantastic structural correlationsw ith atomic packingm odes have been elucidated.…”