The Photon-Assisted Cascaded Electron Multiplier Operation in CF&lt;formula formulatype="inline"&gt;&lt;tex&gt;$_{4}$&lt;/tex&gt;&lt;/formula&gt; for Ion Backflow Suppression

Amaro, F. D.; Veloso, J.F.C.A.; Santos, J.M.F. dos; Breskin, A.; Chechik, R.; Lyashenko, A.

doi:10.1109/tns.2008.922219

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

2008

DOI: 10.1109/tns.2008.922219

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The Photon-Assisted Cascaded Electron Multiplier Operation in CF<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$_{4}$</tex></formula> for Ion Backflow Suppression

F. D. Amaro

J.F.C.A. Veloso

J.M.F. dos Santos

et al.

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Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

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Zero Ion Backflow electron multiplier operating in noble gases

Amaro¹,

Ball²,

Veloso³

et al. 2014

J. Inst.

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We present a novel concept for the suppression of secondary ions in gaseous detectors. The Zero Ion Backflow electron multiplier operates in a noble gas atmosphere and effectively suppresses the ion back flow to the level of primary ionization, totally blocking the secondary ions produced in the multiplier. This detector is composed by a proportional scintillation region, established between two highly transparent meshes, followed by a Gaseous Photomultiplier (GPM). The ionization electrons drift towards the scintillation region, where a proportional electroluminescence signal is produced, without the production of any secondary ionization. A fraction of the emitted VUV scintillation is collected by the photocathode of the GPM and the photoelectron signal is amplified in the GPM through electron avalanche processes. The positive ions of the avalanches developed in the GPM are totally blocked by the mesh that separates the scintillation region and the GPM, resulting in full ion back-flow suppression of secondary ions into the drift/conversion region of the detector. The full suppression capability is independent of the GPM gain. The Zero Ion Backflow electron multiplier is an alternative to readout the ionization signals of Time Projection Chambers in which the accumulation of secondary ions in the sensitive region of the detector has the potential to affect its performance.

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Zero Ion Backflow electron multiplier operating in noble gases

Amaro¹,

Ball²,

Veloso³

et al. 2014

J. Inst.

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High Pressure Operation of the Photon-Assisted Cascaded Electron Multiplier

Amaro

Veloso

Santos

et al. 2009

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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We present the operation of the recently introduced Photon Assisted Cascaded Electron Multiplier (PACEM) in xenon at high pressure. The PACEM is a multi step electron multiplier where the VUV scintillation produced in the electron avalanches is used for signal propagation: the VUV scintillation produced in the first element of the cascade induces the emission of photoelectrons from a CsI photocathode placed on the topsurface of the second element. These photoelectrons are further multiplied, via charge avalanche. A metallic mesh electrode placed between the first and the second elements of the cascade completely blocks the charge transfer between them. Optical gains of 10 3 were achieved in xenon at atmospheric pressure, dropping to 25 at 3.3 bar, for applied voltages of 700 and 1100 V, respectively. Taking into account the subsequent charge multiplication, total gains are higher than those obtained with a triple GEM and double THGEM.

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The Photon-Assisted Cascaded Electron Multiplier Operation in CF<formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$_{4}$</tex></formula> for Ion Backflow Suppression

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Zero Ion Backflow electron multiplier operating in noble gases

Zero Ion Backflow electron multiplier operating in noble gases

High Pressure Operation of the Photon-Assisted Cascaded Electron Multiplier

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