“…for comparison with the ''aquatic outgroup" (Vossbrinck et al, 2004). We also included the sequence of Ovavesicula popillae, known to be related to the Paranosema clade (Vossbrinck and Andreadis, 2007), to better clarify the Paranosema clade position, which remains poorly resolved at this time (Sokolova et al, 2007(Sokolova et al, , 2008. Finally, we added the sequence of the very recently described Euplotespora binucleata (Fokin et al, 2008), the sole available SSU rDNA sequence from a microsporidium infecting ciliates, to confirm its clustering with E. schubergi, which was claimed by Fokin et al (2008).…”