Molecular characterization of Curcuma aromatica from 4 different populations of Odisha using inter simple sequence repeats and random amplified polymorphic DNA markers to indicate the closeness of species and hybrids quickly and efficiently. A dendrogram was constructed through sequential agglomerative hierarchial and nested (SAHN) clustering and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis using Jaccard's similarity coefficient of combined markers using this particular species. Two major clusters were found i.e., cluster-I (Koraput-1, Koraput-2, Koraput-3, G.Udaigiri-1, G.Udaigiri-2, G.Udaigiri-3 and Phulabani-1, Phulabani-2, Phulabani-3) and cluster-II (Raikia-1, Raikia-2 and Raikia-3). The clustering pattern also revealed moreover the extent of genetic similarity between germplasms collected from four different regions population. The potential of this technique would be further realized to fullest extent for the identification and tagging of important novel gene in different taxa, unexplored yet, thus facilitating the improvement of desired taxa of Zingiberaceae. The findings would be of immense enough significance for complementing the strategies of conservation and characterization of these important taxa of Zingibearceae following modern biotechnological approach.